石子云 发表于 2014-4-17 22:15:10

跟贾陆英老师学《论语》八佾篇第3章 2014年4月17日

<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体;">跟<st1:personname productid="贾陆英" w:st="on">贾陆英</st1:personname>老师学《论语》八佾篇第</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 22pt;">3</span><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体;">章</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 22pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">(</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">2014</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">年</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">4</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">月</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">17</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">日)</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt;"><st1:chsdate year="2014" month="4" day="17" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">4</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">17</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">下午</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">3</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">点</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">30</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">分,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">论语</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">札记》作者贾陆英老师在老秘网</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">重温经典读书会</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”QQ</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;49231471</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">里面,就《论语》八佾篇第</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">3</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">章进行了讲解。现将讲座内容整理如下。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">各位网友大家好。今天下午,我们共同学习讨论《论语》八佾篇第</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">3</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">章:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">原文:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子曰:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">人而不仁,如礼何</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">?</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">人而不仁,如乐何</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">?”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">译文:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子说:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">一个人没有仁心,他怎么实行礼呢?一个人没有仁心,他怎么运用乐呢</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">?”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">本章孔子论礼乐之本在仁,没有仁心、仁行,礼乐也就失其根本,成为徒具形式的,毫无用处的仪节。请大家围绕仁与礼乐的相互关系发表意见。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">问:怎样理解孔子关于仁与礼乐关系的论述?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">答:孔子说:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">人而不仁。如礼何?人而不仁,如乐何?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这里他提出了培养人、教育人的三个基本要素</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">——“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">” “</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">” “</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是人们内心的道德情感和要求,是人的精神境界,也体现着人与人之间的真情实感,它是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的内在依据。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">体现在人的行为举止、仪表仪容、形体形态等等方面,又是人的情感的外在表达,是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的表现形式和实现途径。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁是灵魂,礼乐是形式。如果没有仁,礼乐就失去了灵魂,只剩下形式。因此孔子才说,一个人如果失去内心的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">,就不可能自觉地运用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">。这就是孔子以及后世儒家历来强调以修身为本,把培养人的仁德放在核心地位的原因。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">那么</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">,&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼与乐又是什么关系呢?孔子向来以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">并称,这是因为二者既有不同的功能,又有密不可分的互补关系。《礼记</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">·</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐记》指出:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">大乐与天地同和,大礼与天地同节</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐者,天地之和也;礼者,天地之序也。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这就是说,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的要义是一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">节</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">字,其基本功能是规范人的等级、节制人的行为。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的要义是一个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">字,其基本功能是陶冶人的情操、提升人的境界。乐也是礼的一部分。一个人如果只有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼教</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">而缺乏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐教</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">,就会成为一个呆板、拘束的人;如果只有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐教</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">而缺乏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼教</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">,就会成为一个放荡不羁的人。这两种偏向都不符合</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的精神。只有把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼教</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐教</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">结合起来,才能使内心的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">恰到好处地表达出来。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">葵花:&nbsp;</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼乐文明</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">可以说是人类的一种文明制度,孔夫子一生奔波,所追求的目标就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼乐制度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的实现。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">包括人的行为准则、道德规范、尊卑秩序以及礼仪规矩等等。人的嗜欲好恶,都由礼来节制。在古人看来,人与动物的不同就是因为懂得礼。礼与法有点相似,但又不同,法是强硬的、缺少人情味的,而礼则是有温情的,是与道德、教养相联系的。在法的面前,人考虑的是敢不敢那样做;在礼的面前,人考虑的是应该不应该那样做。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是指音乐。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">负责规范人的行为,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">则负责调和人的性情,人的喜怒哀乐之情,都可以通过乐来表达,同时也可以在乐声中化解。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的目的在于教化,诱导人向善,让社会处于平和的状态中,来源百度。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">没有仁心,表面上礼乐不过是徒有其表,是名与实的关系。既不呆板又不放逸,收放有度,这就是所谓的君子吧?如果这个君子,内心不仁,有礼有节也算是伪君子了。有了仁,无礼如何,无乐如何?</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">主要还是要有仁,有仁才有礼有仁才有乐。否则就是形式主义啊。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字<span lang="EN-US">:&nbsp;</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼乐,一种教义,社会平衡器,孔子毕身都想把他的这种礼教植根于统治阶层和社会层面,生前未达到,没想到死后实现了,而且深深地影响了几千年的中国,或者说影响了几千年的中国人格。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">夕惕若</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">@</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">既不呆板又不放逸,收放有度,这就是所谓的君子吧</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是的,礼乐文化兹养着君子之风。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><br></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">半壶老酒:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">社会有层次而且要安于层次,你的命不好,所以你生在这层;就是别闹事,别给头们找事,要加上你这个就更好了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">说白了,安于现状,为什么后来的统治阶级爱上了这学说,因为他能起到现在西方社会的宗教的作用,起稳定社会作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp; </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">滨海工商唐:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">层次之间应该有合理的途径和上升下降的空间。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子认为,礼乐显示于外表,只是一种形式,一种象征。其实,礼的基本精神是诚敬,乐的基本精神是和谐,而诚敬与和谐又源自于一个人内心的仁。如果缺乏仁心,礼乐就失去了实质的意义,只剩下空洞的仪节,不能产生任何作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子此论,是针对世人往往只注重外在的仪节,而忽略内在的义涵而发,他提醒人们,应把握根源,修养仁心、仁行,才能使礼乐发挥其应有的作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">编纂我国第一部大型音乐百科全书《乐书》的宋代学者陈</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">旸</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">有句名言:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">仁者礼乐之质,礼乐者仁之文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">就像现在的群众路线,没有一个真诚为民的心,所谓的活动,不过是形式主义。有文无质,近乎伪,有质无文,近乎野,文质彬彬,翩翩君子。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">通过外在的形式,达到心里的礼教,就象一条路,走的人多了就成了路。孔子是想在全社会建立起一整套的礼数。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.3pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">形也要,实更要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这是外在形式,然后通过这达到全社会从上层到底层各自居其位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">半壶老酒:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">从形式上普及,逐步让人成为习惯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">假的也可能变成真的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">形式上的礼乐成为仁也<br><p></p>是可能的所以教化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 40pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">@</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">云谈风请</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">形也要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">实更要</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是的,仁、礼、乐三者,是培<st1:personname productid="养" w:st="on">养</st1:personname>君子人格的最重要,最基本要素。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8.1pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">睡虫西麦:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子那个时候,也是形式主义泛滥了,他才说出这种话吧,意思就是你们这些道貌岸然的家伙,虽然看起来有礼有乐,其实都是内心不仁的家伙。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">说反了吧,麦子,那时候应该礼乐</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">倶</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">废。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8.1pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">睡虫西麦:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">夕,我是从这个话题考虑的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 39.5pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">道德说教。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: -8pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">虚实相杂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">,真假难辩。只是现实中假的太多,防不胜防了。假的也就成真的了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8.05pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: -8.05pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;7</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">°</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">晴:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">老师们讲得好,本想问问何为礼?何为乐?有人解答了。看到老师的话,第一反应就想到形式主义,其实有仁心,而后礼乐,是讲君子修心吧?</span><span style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8.1pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">一切礼乐皆本于仁心,中国人如此,外国人也是如此。西方人的握手礼为什么都是用右手?因为古代的武士作战都用右手执刀,握手言欢时,绝不能仍然手执兵器,所以必须放下兵器,互以右手相握,以表示和平、友爱之意。足见其根源于人心之仁。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8.1pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">培根也说过:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">如果把礼仪形式看得高于一切,结果就会失去人与人真诚的信任。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt 8.1pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">半壶老酒:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">战国时期,以计谋为最,所以少仁义是正常的,所以孔子呼吁一下,所以这个得等世界统一后教化全世界。现在不能教国民太多,否则对于死学者,又钻牛角尖了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">葵花:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼乐可以使一个人的行为看起来很优雅,但此人人品不怎么样,那就是道貌岸然了,徒有其表。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子在那时候说的还是委婉的,可见礼乐还不至于扫地,孟子时候,惨不忍睹了,所以孟子直接用禽兽骂人了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">战国时期,以计谋为最,所以少仁义是正常的,所以孔子呼吁一下。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">@</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">老酒,孔子生活在春秋末期,那时战国时代尚未到来。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp; &nbsp;半壶老酒:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">春秋五霸,之后又是战国,所以中庸之道提出了度的问题,不可过度。吃饭过度要撑死,喝水过度要生病,纵欲过度会肾衰;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">老虎棒子鸡,各安其位;哪儿不通都不行。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">当代天地君亲师比现在法律严厉多了家长制</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">但人心不坏。</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">世上大小排位,戏剧中夫妻拜堂,一拜天地,二拜高堂。现在好了。什么都反了,现在钱为天下老大。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">说到天地君亲师,现在尊师重道这一点,我们国家比其他国家要差一些。二千多年的儒家思想文化影响颇深。且不说二千年,就是现在几十年金钱至上的影响已经深入人心了,草上之风,必偃,政府的引导很重要。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">还是要对基本的历史知识、历史经验、历史思想多学习一点。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">余秋雨先生论中华文化的特色,讲了三个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">:一是君子之道,这是中国人的理想人格,其核心是仁。二是礼乐之道,这是中国人的行为模式。三是中庸之道,这是中国人的思维模式。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">学历史,是不能忘记根。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;7</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">°</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">晴:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">一是君子之道,其核心是仁。二是礼乐之道,行为模式。三是中庸之道,思维模式。又回到仁礼了,贪官没觉得钱少,却教化群众视金钱如粪土,讲奉献,这就是没有仁心。<st1:personname productid="余" w:st="on">余</st1:personname>先生作品多力道,学而不思则罔。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">半壶老酒:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">钱至上是穷太久,富太久就有变化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">诚然:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">现在的群众路线也是实实在在的形式主义。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">老耿:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这次活动,比以往活动收效要大一些。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">@</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">夕惕若:草上之风,必偃,政府的引导很重要。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是的,提出弘扬社会主义核心价值观,就是强有力的引导。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">@</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">诚然:现在的群众路线也是实实在在的形式主义。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">不能这样讲,历史将会证明,群众路线教育对于解决当前党内和社会上种种问题,意义重大。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">习近平在主持学习时强调,把培育和弘扬社会主义核心价值观作为凝魂聚气、强基固本的基础工程,继承和发扬中华优秀传统文化和传统美德,广泛开展社会主义核心价值观宣传教育,积极引导人们讲道德、尊道德、守道德,追求高尚的道德理想,不断夯实中国特色社会主义的思想道德基础。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">习总指出:一个国家的文化软实力,从根本上说,取决于其核心价值观的生命力、凝聚力、感召力。培育和弘扬核心价值观,有效整合社会意识,是社会系统得以正常运转、社会秩序得以有效维护的重要途径,也是国家治理体系和治理能力的重要方面。历史和现实都表明,构建具有强大感召力的核心价值观,关系社会和谐稳定,关系国家长治久安。<br><p></p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">习近平指出,要讲清楚中华优秀传统文化的历史渊源、发展脉络、基本走向,讲清楚中华文化的独特创造、价值理念、鲜明特色,增强文化自信和价值观自信。要认真汲取中华优秀传统文化的思想精华和道德精髓,大力弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神,深入挖掘和阐发中华优秀传统文化讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同的时代价值,使中华优秀传统文化成为涵养社会主义核心价值观的重要源泉。要处理好继承和创造性发展的关系,重点做好创造性转化和创新性发展。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;"></span></p>**** Hidden Message *****<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">文化,讲究大观,不究小利,世界大同,所以,世界和平相处,就要用中华文化之和谐观统治世界。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><br></span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">老耿:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">中国特色社会主义,应扎根中华五千年文化土壤。核心价值观要体现传统与现代,古为今用,与时俱进。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">只争朝夕:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">习总讲了我们想讲的话。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">迷途小书童:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">如何传承和发展?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">云谈风请</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">:衡量价值观好坏,看社会风气就行,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">老百姓都知道中国对外最喜欢抗议。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">半壶老酒:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">谋略班子真的太重要了,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">不当回事,得有实力;把它灭掉就行了,要是听毛泽东的话,估计苏联还在,美国不在了,可惜苏联老大哥当时也没这个胆。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">阿诺德</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">•</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">汤因比堪称</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">20</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">世纪最伟大的历史学家,他试图以其皇皇巨著《历史研究》,揭开文明兴衰的谜题,启发人类对未来道路的探索。汤因比透露了对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">21</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">世纪中华文明的无限期望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">在和池田的对话里,汤因比给出了完整的答案:世界的未来在中国,人类的出路在于中国文明。为什么汤因比会有这样的看法?汤因比在与池田的对话中自我总结了八点原因:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">一、中国在漫长的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">21</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">个世纪里,尽管也多次经历过混乱和解体,但是从大历史的角度来看,中国人完整地守护了一个超级文明,长时间生活在一个文明帝国的稳定秩序中,中国模式作为一种区域的世界主义模式可以为今天的人类提供宝贵的经验。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">二、中国人在其漫长的历史中都保持着人类社会中可贵的天下主义的精神,恰恰中国文化是距离狭隘的民族主义最远的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">三、儒家的人文主义价值观使得中国文明符合了新时代人类社会整合的需求。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">四、在儒家和佛教思想中都存在合理主义思想,使得中国人在漫长的时代中有分寸地建立和坚守着自己的文明。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">五、道家思想对宇宙和人类之间奥义的认识,以及对人类社会试图主宰宇宙的不以为然。恰恰是中国的道家为人类文明提供了节制性与合理性发展观的哲学基础。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">六、东方宗教和哲学思想中对于人与自然和谐的追求,以及反对针对自然和环境世界的统治和征伐欲望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">七、以日本为代表的东亚民族已经显示了,亚洲人同样可以在西方人领先的领域赶上和超越西方人,例如在经济和技术领域日本人所显示的卓越超越能力那样(那时候在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">1970</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">年代,中国崛起的序幕还远远没有拉开)。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">八、日本人和越南人在西方人的优势和霸权面前,展示了勇气和信心,日本人在经济领域,越南人在军事领域都展示了巨大的勇气(汤因比这里指的是越南战争)。因此这再次证明了亚洲人未来是可以领导世界的,关键是要将这样的勇气和信心转移到人类历史和人类新文明和和平建设领域。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">汤因比坚定地认为,西方世界在罗马帝国解体之后发展出的是工业主义、技术主义,在政治上则是民族主义,因此西方征服世界的后果是各个非西方国家都模仿西方的工业化模式和技术主义模式,因此全球越来越有政治统一的需求,因为通过工业和技术的全球扩散人类的命运已经不可避免地紧紧联系在一起。而下一步的关键就要看中国了。中国人在漫长的历史中已经证明了依靠文化和文明的力量可以将亿万人民根据文化情感纽带的联系而组织在一个以天下主义和世界主义为文明基准的国家。因此在汤因比眼里中国是真正的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">文明国家</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">,这里的文明既含有古代文明帝国的意思,也含有文化情感纽带的深刻联结的意思。汤因比的观点的确再次证明了中国从本质上是文化的概念,是一个文明的概念,而不是一个民族主义的概念。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt;"><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">讲得好啊,中华文明五千年从未断过,就说明了他的生命力,文化不是零和游戏,应该是互补融合发展,天下主义说明了,中国文化从来都把世界看成一体,自然吸纳能力无其他文化能比,这种同化能力,只有中华文明具备,为中国文化而骄傲吧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">下节课内容:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">3•4&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">林放问礼之本。子曰:“大哉问</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">!</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">礼,与其奢也,宁俭;丧,与其易也,宁戚”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">林放:鲁国人。易:治办周到。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">林放问什么是礼的根本。孔子说:“这个问题意义重大呀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">!</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">对于礼,与其过于奢侈,宁可比较节俭;对于丧礼,与其治办周备,宁可哀伤多些。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt;"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">今天就到这里,再见。</span></p><p></p>

阳光勾勒的微笑 发表于 2014-4-17 22:25:58

仁可以使人有人情味,中国的文明需要更多人记起。发扬、传承、改进。

凌澄 发表于 2014-4-18 08:49:51

谢谢分享这么好的讲座!!!!

予轩言 发表于 2014-4-18 16:45:34

古人云,“君子以行言,小人以舌言”。实干直行,是做人之本。 “实言实行实心,无不孚人之理。”愈是抽象理念,愈加需要具体落实,愈是知易行难,愈加需要踏实践行。在这个意义上,有知行合一,才有核心价值观的发扬光大。

贾陆英 发表于 2014-4-18 17:18:59

仁与礼乐的关系,是孔子学说最重要的内容,值得深入探讨。

贾陆英 发表于 2014-4-18 17:27:44

古人云,“君子以行言,小人以舌言”。实干直行,是做人之本。 “实言实行实心,无不孚人之理。”愈是抽象理念,愈加需要具体落实,愈是知易行难,愈加需要踏实践行。在这个意义上,有知行合一,才有核心价值观的发扬光大。——讲得非常好。

Anonymous 发表于 2014-4-22 12:03:23

即就是皇帝老儿,也不知道他用八佾干什么好。骡子骏马一大堆,却只用来打仗,而把八八六十四个人,却用来装饰、或陪伴自己长期或短暂的孤寂。就连皇帝自己,也把自己堕落为一种倾城倾国的工具。那么,当时士大夫们不学习一下,却又有什么事情干呢?那么,这又要让孔夫子还能说什么好呢?可是,几千年过去了,官员们把不该占有的都占有了,如果别人不予以监督的话,他自己却也落得心安理得,但如果被抓住了,却又惶惶不可终日。
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查看完整版本: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》八佾篇第3章 2014年4月17日