跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第17章
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体;">跟贾陆英老师学《论语》为政篇第<span lang="EN-US">17</span>章<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">（<span lang="EN-US">2014</span>年<span lang="EN-US">3</span>月<span lang="EN-US">18</span>日，群友<span lang="EN-US">ysh</span>整理）<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 44pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.25pt; line-height: 28pt; "><st1:chsdate year="2014" month="3" day="18" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">3</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">月<span lang="EN-US">18</span>日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">下午<span lang="EN-US">3</span>：<span lang="EN-US">30</span>分，《“论语”札记》作者贾陆英老师在老秘网“重温经典读书会”<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span>群<span lang="EN-US">14260122</span>里面，就《论语》为政篇第<span lang="EN-US">17</span>章——“由，诲女知之乎<span lang="EN-US">?</span>知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也”进行了讲解、探讨和互动。现将由热心群友<span lang="EN-US">ysh</span>整理的讲座内容刊发如下。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">各位网友大家好。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">17</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">章：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">子曰：“由，诲女知之乎<span lang="EN-US">?</span>知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">由：孔子早年学生，姓仲名由，字子路。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">女：同汝，你。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子说：“由呀，我教你怎样求知吧</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">!</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知道的就是知道，不知道的就是不知道，这样才是明智呀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">!</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">本章讲求知的态度，告诉子路不可强不知以为知。请大家就此发表意见。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也，结合最近所学，阳明的知行合一，正好对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，有点体悟。我觉得，首先要明白，什么是真正的知。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">右岸：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">治学，为人都应严谨律己，不能浮夸虚构，更不能信口开河</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">老猫：</span></b><st1:personname productid="贾" w:st="on"><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">贾</span></st1:personname><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">老师，某新闻发言人答记者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">你懂的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，他到底是知之还是不知？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">双筒望远镜：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">生活中经常有这样的人，号称无不知，这样的人看似夸夸其谈，实则腹内空空。请教<st1:personname productid="贾" w:st="on">贾</st1:personname>老师，知与不知是否有个转化个过程？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">你懂的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">不是知，也不是不知，是智。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">黄发秀：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">今天上午我们单位还在讨论不知不可怕，可怕的是不知装成知道，并且不努力去学习。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">孤山：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">高见。给人留下无限的遐想空间。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><st1:personname productid="贾" w:st="on"><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">贾</span></i></b></st1:personname><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">老师，某新闻发言人答记者</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">你懂的</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，他到底是知之还是不知？</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">他是知，他认为提问者也知，故而说：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">你懂得</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，体现了孔子怎样的求知态度？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">答：“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">强调的是人们对待知识要有谦虚和实事求是的老实态度，是对“知”的极精辟的解释，它应该成为一切真正想得到一些知识的人的座右铭。为什么说在求知的问题上抱着</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之为知之，不知为不知</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的态度，才是真正的明智呢？人类认识自我、认识社会、认识自然的过程，是一个由不知到知，由知之不多到知之较多，由此及彼，由表及里，由浅入深，一代又一代地不断积累的过程。就个人而言，任何人的知识都有局限，有所知，也有所不知。一个人，如果不承认自己有不知道的事物或知识，或者不懂偏要装懂，就是自己阻塞了自己获取知识的道路。只有实实在在地承认自己有不懂的东西，才会有求知的欲望和动力，才有可能把不知转化为知，这也就是孔子所说的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是知也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的道理。一个人是如此，一个民族、一个国家也是如此。尤其是在这个新事物、新知识大量涌现的知识经济时代，我们要建设富强、民主、文明、和谐的现代化国家，创造自己美满幸福的新生活，更要有毛泽东曾经说过的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">本领恐慌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">之感，要如饥似渴地学习，学会自己不懂的东西。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">双筒望远镜：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">对事物的认识先是不知，然后是知，在知的过程中，那些求真的人又有不知，知与不知真是无穷。<st1:personname productid="贾" w:st="on">贾</st1:personname>老师，这样是否符合认识事物的规律。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">孤山：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">又能仁者见仁智者见智</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">雁南飞：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这句话可以追溯到湖南某地。因为我们这里流行很久的典故，居然全国广而告之了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">贾老，庄子<st1:personname productid="和钱穆" w:st="on">和钱穆</st1:personname>先生说过一番话，大体的意思是，世界上的知识是无穷的，而我们的生命和精力是有限的，用有限的生命和精力去追求无限的知识，不是堕入痛苦之中吗</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知与不知是否有个转化个过程？</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是的。由不知到知，由知之不多到知之较多，是一个不断学习和实践、积累、消化、吸收、提高的过程。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">右岸：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">苏格拉底也说过，我知道我无知。一个人越渊博越知道自己的浅薄。知其不知者为智者，不知其所知为愚人。不懂可以学，学习了就懂了。装懂就是害自己，最后始终不懂。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">无心随风：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">夫子的学是为己之学，以补己过。为学首要在诚，不能自欺，知之为知之，不知为不知。此无知非彼无知，知应为双关含义，一为知识，一为知情，二都不可混淆。不知者无畏，应是后者。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">无知者无畏，大家来辩证下。孔子的话，其实是讲求学的态度，说明了，懂就懂，不懂就不懂，不要装懂。再提高点，实事求是。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">老猫：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">有人说过，一个人的知识水平好比一个圆圈，圈内为知，圈外为不知，知道得越多，不知道的也越多。我们可不可以展开点讲，来理解孔子的话</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">.</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">将后面的知理解为知识，知道了的就是掌握了，不知道的就是没有掌握，这就是学识。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">贾老，庄子<st1:personname productid="和钱穆" w:st="on">和钱穆</st1:personname>先生说过一番话，大体的意思是，世界上的知识是无穷的，而我们的生命和精力是有限的，用有限的生命和精力去追求无限的知识，不是堕入痛苦之中吗</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这是人生在求知路上的一对矛盾。解决这一矛盾，关键在于自己，要明确目标，抓住主要的东西下功夫。要博更要专。要广更要深。正如邓小平所说，学马列，要精要管用。想一口吃个胖子，想不分轻重缓急地什么都看，是不行的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">想一口吃个胖子，想不分轻重缓急地什么都看，是不行的。我现在就在这个泥沼当中了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">右岸：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">切中要害了，我的问题就是博而不专，广而不深。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">夫子的学是为己之学，以补己过。为学首要在诚，不能自欺，知之为知之，不知为不知。</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">赞同。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">双筒望远镜：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">古之学者为己，今之学者为人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">《荀子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">•</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">儒效》篇：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之曰知之，不知曰不知，内不自以诬，外不自以欺。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">还是个诚意，致良知的意思</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">求学的态度问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">雁南飞：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">原来大家在溯源，而我在拿引申义开玩笑。对不起，我闪了！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">《荀子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">•</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子道》篇，孔子告诉子路：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">故君子知之曰知之，不知曰不知，言之要也；能之曰能之，不能曰不能，行之至也。言要则知，行至则仁。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之为知之</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">谦受益。不知为不知</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">满招损</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">.</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">看来道还是一以贯之的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">右岸：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">夫子自始至终都是把求学和为人二者有机辩证结合的，大概在夫子心目中，一个品行好的人才有资格求学。故在求学路上，不仅要提高知识储备，更应锤炼个人修为。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">毛泽东在《实践论》中说：世上最可笑的是那些</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知识里手</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，有了道听途说的一知半解，便自封为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">天下第一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，适足见其不自量而已。知识的问题是一个科学问题，来不得半点的虚伪和骄傲，决定地需要的倒是其反面</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">诚实和谦逊的态度。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">“知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">强调的是人们对待知识要有谦虚和实事求是的老实态度。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">乃群：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">不知为不知，用坦诚的态度与别人交流，不懂的地方多请教、多询问，反而能赢得别人的尊重，获取更多的知识，变不知为知，完全是一件利人利己的事情。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">我突然有个疑问，难道孔子的这个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">真的就是知识的意思吗？是不是理解为知</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">更好解释全文了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">毛泽东在《中国共产党在民族战争中的地位》中说：学习的敌人是自己的满足，要认真学习一点东西，必须从不自满开始。对自己，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">学而不厌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，对人家，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">诲人不倦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，我们应取这种态度。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">双筒望远镜：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">个人认为这个知好比道家的道一样，知是对事物的认识过程，也是对事物的态度。知道是这么来的？<br><p></p></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">我思故我在：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">亚里士多德认为，一个人能够知道自己的无知，就是一种伟大的已知。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">老猫：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">问贾老，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这里主要是指求知的态度，还是教学的方法，抑或两者皆有之？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">难道孔子的这个</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">真的就是知识的意思吗？</span></i></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">不是知识本身，而是如何求取知识，以什么样的态度求知。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">问贾老，</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span></i></b><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这里主要是指求知的态度，还是教学的方法，抑或两者皆有之？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">我认为主要是前者。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">最后这个知，可不可以理解为态度？是知也，理解为这是求知的态度。其实，论语的语句，要考虑当时孔子讲话的语境。这句话，如果是学生问他教学的态度呢，后面的知就可以理解为治学的态度。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">知道是这么来的？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">我觉得应该是一些原则、道理之类，诸如古时候的礼义仁智信。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">雁南飞：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">但学生有一个疑问可否问之？<st1:personname productid="贾" w:st="on">贾</st1:personname>老师，难得糊涂与求知若渴如何？如何</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">权衡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">？如何</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">平衡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">右岸：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">对，论语就是夫子给学生授课时的言语片段。所以，每篇都有相应的语境和背景</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">英国有个叫托马斯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">•</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">富勒的说：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">略知皮毛者，总爱反复谈论那点皮毛。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">可见，求知要求真、求新、求深。为学不是一个简单的问题。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">难得糊涂就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是知也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">吉祥天：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">难得糊涂是人生态度，求知若渴是求学态度，两者不能混为一谈吧</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">难得糊涂与求知若渴如何？</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这是风马牛不相及的<st1:chmetcnv unitname="码" sourcevalue="2" hasspace="False" negative="False" numbertype="3" tcsc="1" w:st="on">两码</st1:chmetcnv>事。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">讲话都不能太极端，我觉得这是辩证法。比如难得糊涂，这就看用在什么时候。孔子的治学态度，或者说求学态度，这应该算普遍的真理。知道的就是知道，不知道的就是不知道，这本身就是现象，客观，为什么要掩藏呢。人最怕散失起码的底线而随波逐流。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">现在也有一种矛盾，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">为学日益，为道日损</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">在如何求知的问题上，孔子不但提出了要怎么做，而且十分明确地提出了坚决不能怎么做，这就是《论语》记载的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子绝四：毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">（《论语</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">•</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子罕》）。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">一是不能毫无根据地主观臆测。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;"></span></p>**** Hidden Message *****<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">我就容易犯这个四个毋的错误</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">双筒望远镜：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">在单位为人处世也是如此，有的人会因为某个人的表现而妄加揣测，评断别人是非。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">求知要求真、求深，不可浅尝辄止，不可望文生义。比如上次讨论中的一个观点：唯物唯心，这个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">唯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">字，本身就是个极端的字眼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这一观点值得商榷。对“唯”字的解读，不可望文生义，要从哲学基本问题的角度去理解。这个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">唯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">字，不是唯一的意思，而是指物质与精神何者为第一性。辩证唯物主义认为，物质第一性，精神第二性，在一定条件下，精神对于物质具有反作用。它是全面的、辩证的、科学的世界观和方法论。大家做文秘工作，一定要打牢理论的根基，尤其要在学哲学上多下功夫。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">看到一篇东西，听到一番话，证实性偏见，跟自己想法一样的，即便离谱也信，跟自己想法不一样的，就自动过滤。唯物唯心，这个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">唯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">字，本身就是个极端的字眼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这一观点值得商榷。爱就一个字。唯心，这就是指空想。现实的问题太宽泛，不如举一二实例。这话就很唯心。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子曰</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">吾有知乎？无知也。唯物唯心，不算极端吧。唯物，这物是客观事物，或者说现实基础。唯心，这就是指空想。一味的凭空想。有句话也讲了，没有无缘无故的爱，说明了也是建立在某在现实基础上的。很多东西要有个思考，或者说求疑的态度。先疑，后解颖。这是求学之态度也</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">。</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">其实孔子一生都在追求道，让人懂道。智者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">雁南飞：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">理论上完全正确！现实中该如何取舍呢？有阅历之人，肯定会难得糊涂；而初入世者想求知，又该如何知行如一？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">右岸：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">用哲学眼光判断是非，以论语精神治学为人，唯心应该是未经实践检验的主观臆断。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">小小：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">为人中庸么？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">不要看到一段帖子就头脑发热的转发，实际上做了谣言的帮凶。我以前就是这样，现在好多了。</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">是的，当前人们爱用微信。切记：微信，微信，只能</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">微信</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">，不可全信。转发、点赞，都要持慎重态度。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">初入世者想求知，又该如何知行如一？</span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">做老实人，老老实实地学，一步一个脚印地走。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">老猫：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">尽信书，则不如无书。求道，布道，得道。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">无心随风：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">孔子的道是成人、为人之道，要求好学而力行！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">雁南飞：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">古为今用，善事！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">葵花：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">处世可以难得糊涂，求知可不能，无论初学还是有阅历求知就得尽量清楚怎么能难得糊涂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">好学近乎智，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">这是《中庸》里的话。要求真知，还要知而行之，知行合一。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">雁南飞：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">万一遇上不</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">中庸</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">的前辈，该如何知进退取舍？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">今天的讨论非常有益。祝大家在为学，求知的道路上天天有进步，持之以恒，久久为功，必有大的长进。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">下一节课：子张学干禄。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">子曰：“多闻阙疑，慎言其余，则寡尤；多见阙殆，慎行其余，则寡悔。言寡尤，行寡悔，禄在其中矣。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子张：孔子晚年学生，姓颛孙，名师。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">干禄：干，求。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">禄，古代官吏的俸禄。干禄就是求官职。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">阙：缺。这里作放置一旁讲。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">疑、殆：都是怀疑的意思。尤：过失。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">子<st1:personname productid="张向" w:st="on">张向</st1:personname>老师请教谋求官职获得俸禄的方法。孔子说：“多听，有疑问的地方先保留，其余有把握的，也要谨慎地说，就能减少过失；多看，有疑问的地方先保留，其余有把握的，也要谨慎地去做，就能减少后悔。说话少过失，做事少后悔，官职俸禄就在其中了。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312;">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312;">讨论能明心镜，特别是有贾老的指点。</span></p><p></p> 有人提出“为学日益，为道日损”的问题，这是啊啊《老子》第48章中的观点。关于“为学”与“为道”的关系，自古以来就有两种截然相反的解释。河上公的注，认为“为学”与“为道”是背道而驰的，《老子》反对“为学”。而王弼的注，则认为“为学”与“为道”是体道、得道的两个互为依存、相得益彰的过程。我赞成王弼的解释。
“为学”与“为道”并不是互相背离、互相排斥的，而是相辅相成、辩证统一的。“为学”就是对于知识的学习和积累。知识越多越好，因此要“日益”。“为道”就是体道、悟道、明道、行道。“为道”就要顺乎自然，遵循客观规律，这就必须去掉违背自然规律的人为欲望，因此要“日损”。“损”是一种扬弃的过程，是指通过反省自己，克服人性的弱点，改正自己的过错，实现人生境界的升华。“为学日益”，积累的是知识；“为道日损”，去掉的是违背自然规律的人为欲望，二者并行不悖。 这次整理得不错，发言内容稍加合并，顺序有所调整，读来更加畅快。赞一个。 要好好学习了，在温故而知新，解决好学然后知不足的问题。 老猫 发表于 2014-3-19 15:21
这次整理得不错，发言内容稍加合并，顺序有所调整，读来更加畅快。赞一个。
“孤山：高见。给人留下无限的遐想空间。孤山：又能仁者见仁智者见智。”还是有漏网之鱼。。:(，下次再小心点。 对石子云兄的工作态度深表敬意。谢谢。 虽然错过现场学习，看记录，也非常受益，看来，得摒弃浮躁，沉下心来在这个老秘网踏踏实实的当个小虾米。
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