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今日下午，《论语札记》作者贾陆英老师继续在老秘网QQ群“重温经典读书会”组织大家学习讨论《论语》为政篇第2章。有贾老师的热心授课，我们的重温经典读书会已名副其实了。昨天老秘网新开了“公文写作合议庭”版块，也期待大家积极参与。这里，老猫把今日的聊天记录整理如下：
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; Z- s, o, C5 N/ sTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">各位好，星期一下午有事未到，让大家久等了。特致歉意。今天下午，我们学习讨论《论语》为政篇第 w; e: J8 J; C/ ?, j& q1 h
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0 p5 L$ Z) e \2 Q, umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">子曰：( }) P% [) _( k% n! @' _% a' U
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7 t5 c0 B% f7 A& {0 v$ } }5 Kmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。. F s3 M. J( E* G2 wmso-font-kerning:0pt">"
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, T1 q2 q r6 l. r, p3 }Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百：《诗经》实有三百零五篇，三百只是举其整数。" r% b0 j' w3 z! O/ m/ L+ Tmso-font-kerning:0pt">“+ [; |9 q" Q- ]6 v5 J! H8 f7 m" Vfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
4 n( t, n1 [: t% smso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">蔽3 J+ L' V; B: }) L- O
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' L- j, J0 Y+ fmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">駧》》上的一句话。原文的思字是语助词，孔子借用这句话把思作思想讲。无邪：纯正，没有邪念。+ c! K6 s f( h9 {" v( ]( umso-font-kerning:0pt">
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( m% x2 z; v+ `3 d! l/ Y# U4 YTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">问：孔子为什么极为重视诗教？" `: [# B4 o$ ?) _0pt">
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# r4 E3 O2 E) ?. ~Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">答：本章是孔子对《诗经》精神的概括。孔子曾经说过，吾道一以贯之，指出他的学说有一个贯穿其中的基本精神，读书学习，重要的是要把握这个基本精神。一言以蔽之，就是一以贯之的意思，0 l9 e* p/ b5 O, u6 ?. A
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1 y! X' D9 w3 |3 R3 k* vmso-font-kerning:0pt">泰伯》），兴于诗，强调诗的教育之重要，所兴的是人的情感。立于礼，礼教的目的是使人在社会上立足。成于乐，乐教的目的是使这种5 ?/ C+ j6 B" xmso-font-kerning:0pt">“8 c) o/ q( E) ^& T( ]
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最终得以完成。古人讲的7 p6 H- p% {7 F+ q' K K K6 s
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9 d" H1 _3 d3 j* D2 Y+ m* Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，包括音乐、舞蹈、诗歌等等，诗歌是运用有节律、有韵律的语言反映生活、抒发情感的文学体裁，孔子认为，就教化的功能而言，( D1 h9 P9 u* O6 j0 T7 Emso-font-kerning:0pt">“" T( M) u( U8 I$ J7 W ]5 Q
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">《诗经》是中国最早的一部诗歌总集，经孔子删订，收有从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌$ n+ v7 ~% Y; g3 m
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6 Z; u3 X7 K& c) D" ^mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">篇。孔子特别重视2 c5 E- ]1 y1 ~' w4 x
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4 v5 f) u* K9 G! E$ H, {$ Xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于人格完善的重要作用，他说：/ a+ v: X# ~4 {/ fmso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ F( g( m, K% G8 Dfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;$ _# m8 ~- f+ |
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6 [5 Q3 S d3 e( mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。迩之事父，远之事君；多识于鸟兽草木之名。. y) H& g& S: g8 _8 l7 hmso-font-kerning:0pt">”4 J2 Y" I" e& d1 [
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; T+ c+ [9 f8 ]: y( ~7 G4 Qmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">阳货》）由此可见，孔子重视《诗经》的教育，一是在于学习《诗》的语言和文化知识，二是通过( ~5 n- z+ ^& l6 I; Amso-font-kerning:0pt">“! [0 A7 B ]+ H8 I9 A* j0 ^6 Nfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;( Y% W5 V& x3 a, ?6 c" j
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">兴、观、群、怨3 Z" x* p7 u: i1 Z, A; [
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">陶冶人的情操，并对弟子进行事父、事君等政治思想教育，使人8 v; ?. |% `; Q0 k& ]
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" Y( I# O2 _6 ITahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：思无邪。# m, z/ Y9 W2 H
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫歪解：诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。* o0 {! y9 {9 D$ k0 w) ], |& Dmso-font-kerning:0pt"> 8 n. n: z0 o% G5 Z. v0 X/ Q
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗歌三百篇，用一句话来掩盖，就是思想纯正。本来这诗歌中都是男思女，女想男，教人学坏啊。于是孔子来遮盖这个丑啊，就说，人家的思想是很纯洁的。4 d3 m! N! r, R! |; x) p D
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">此乃+ Q% f( c/ o, s8 D. O* _ |mso-font-kerning:0pt">“$ L/ u9 c4 D+ U8 h! |5 n. H$ Cfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;3 L4 N. U. o& D/ {
mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">歪批2 y7 \5 Z \* f( ]mso-font-kerning:0pt">”0 S: M( S! T( l% O3 R3 v9 N
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。诗经确有许多歌颂男女爱情的作品，那时的社会风气是开化的，孔子的思想也是开化的。这种风气被改变，是后来的事。不可用后人的标准衡量前人。“我把贾老得罪了” X1 M$ M* K% d* R4 q2 I/ q) w
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">开个玩笑，没关系的。+ [* \0 g+ z+ D/ X' [# o J5 _; Zmso-font-kerning:0pt"> 4 ^2 v) x0 J7 m" Q7 V' y
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">诗，可以兴，可以观、可以群，可以怨。, G( d8 \; \+ |" e" f3 k: Gmso-font-kerning:0pt">”; [ E! p! Z1 q( g. _7 j
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5 P" p* u$ F. F9 Amso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学诗的作用就在于2 V, D" \* T; l3 F$ x# ?8 vmso-font-kerning:0pt">“- ?9 T6 ~( [: B/ B) ?
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' k0 {8 t( d4 k8 w0 Umso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观; @- V v' q; m# J: E
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1 Z) @0 i- t! p _3 v' s2 ?0 wmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">群' B" d+ n6 ~: a8 R+ f
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: F# f0 @2 |% Nmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨& J# E( F) f2 [4 z$ f# \' P+ n {
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">四个字。所谓3 u2 ?8 ?$ U4 O6 ~
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& Y; S7 O6 |, J xmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以激发人的兴致，培养想象力；所谓% ]1 r( ]0 Y; ]6 _7 J' v
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">观$ [$ ^0 O4 u. J1 C& e0 ~mso-font-kerning:0pt">”/ `+ d- G% i A$ W, efont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
7 w3 f8 A' n" I, vmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以多识鸟兽草木等大自然之物，提高观察力；所谓5 k& t4 j: I/ u: t6 y+ U* S7 [# B# kmso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 `" b! _4 a: c' S# d( t: hfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗可以涵养温柔敦厚的性情，提高在群体中生活的能力；所谓% h4 O* X1 u6 ]# Q8 fmso-font-kerning:0pt">“% w, Q7 ^9 t1 r
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">怨4 P3 c) m3 S" H8 Kmso-font-kerning:0pt">”( I7 l! b6 U+ K' a
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，就是说学诗还可以锻炼- G# `7 T+ t) I/ {8 k
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! T: L; T$ l( e$ Imso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">乐而不淫、哀而不伤' P& }( P6 \ ?: L
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9 A. w5 G0 t: C4 U) J5 hmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语9 Y% z8 s: q p$ Q8 n
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">八佾》）的胸襟和品格，抒发心中之怨，而又能6 l4 ?( j6 q# L2 U9 t3 ?2 _: Imso-font-kerning:0pt">“3 o: o( G+ G" f! F. o0 e
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《朱熹1 {, h/ @- y. Z. i9 o1 w$ I' _( u5 q. M% L
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">论语集注》），恰到好处，合乎中道。总之，学诗可以使人9 y3 I q5 d% Fmso-font-kerning:0pt">“: D3 ^7 j. M' V' Q
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* W' ]9 c6 Q, b6 M8 Tmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">思无邪* K' t0 N% e( f1 J! X( v' q
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">（《论语2 T' C4 K) N5 @/ U* C1 D; lmso-font-kerning:0pt">.* M) _5 l7 r# D+ Xfont-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
$ p) @0 ~* a4 {6 R$ v& S+ E2 C3 mmso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">为政》），遐思而纯正，宁静而致远。6 M& L0 J% {8 n' r Z
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w. X! V. e, e& l) V$ tTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">继续歪解啊：群呢，就是说物以类聚，大家有共同的审美和爱好，对诗经有雷同的见解，于是呢，就找到好朋友了。所谓怨呢，就是说看到诗经里写的这么美好的事物人物，会生出点点怨气，怨自己为什么没有诗经这么美好的生活，从而激发斗志。5 ?) a" {6 D: ]; n. K! z# Qmso-font-kerning:0pt">: _+ e6 b( a% R$ Y7 \
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
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/ P5 P! _+ T! [Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家是做文秘工作的，写文章，也需要提高文学素养，如能恰到好处地引用几句诗词、名言警句，定会使文稿熠熠生辉。否则，干巴巴的，没有文彩，读之无味。. b- q9 a; k W' L1 k" P% Cmso-font-kerning:0pt"> ! @; |8 t$ e* P2 d0 z
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% H; ]; [4 X" I5 e! e0 GTahoma;color:#006EFE;mso-font-kerning:0pt">睡虫西麦：' D& \0 ? N! q) V0 e' Q" {
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mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，不但文稿晦暗，而且说服力弱: h2 b' |+ N6 V0 L/ xmso-font-kerning:0pt"> , P' b* v. N3 n' C
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: ?: w, @% ~0 h" P- W& @0 c7 i6 [6 b3 fTahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们领导基本把稿子中的诗句都略掉，不读，也许在正式场合没有习总的温柔劲吧' l! X3 r! }& D) R
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Tahoma;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是啊，大家看看习总的语言风格，文学素养深厚，值得学习。
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提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
抢沙发
千斤顶
显身卡
300x180 AD
