前秘书回忆：在领导身边工作，就是当“苦力”啊！
<p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">回忆彭真同志的立法往事</strong><span style="margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 15px; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.298); box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">顾昂然</span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); box-sizing: border-box !important;">作者<span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">顾昂然，男，1949年后任中共北京市青委西南区委委员、青年团北京市西南区委、东北区委委员、彭真秘书。1954年后在政务院政法委员会研究室、全国人大发会办公厅法律室从事法律研究。1998年3月至2003年3月任第九届全国人大法律委员会副主任委员，1993年至2003年任全国人大常委会法制工作委员会主任。</span></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">今年（2009）是新中国成立60周年，我从建国初开始接触和从事立法工作，可以说经历了全部过程。我能从事立法工作是与<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">彭真同志</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">分不开的，几十年的工作也都是在彭真同志的领导下，是彭真同志引领我走上立法之路……<br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">初识彭真 </strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">我出生在江苏无锡，一岁多就随父亲来到北平。两个姐姐在抗日战争末期加入了中国共产党，1945年10月，大姐从解放区回到北平。受她的影响，1946年我加入了中共地下党，那时只有15岁。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1949年3月，我在和平解放后的北平团市委工作，任中学委员会第四工作组组长，管天主教会中学团的工作。一所天主教会中学发生一反动神甫进行反动活动并猥亵女学生的事件，我以教育局辅导组的身份进行查处。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">因此事涉及对外和宗教，北平市委十分重视，让我到台基厂7号彭真家里，当面向市委书记彭真汇报。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">彭真同志仔细听了汇报，不时提问情况，研究处理意见。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">当时，</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">王汉斌同志</strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">作为彭办秘书，也在场。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">我记得在研究处刑时，彭真对王汉斌说：</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">小王，你查查国民党是如何规定。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">通</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">过这个事例，我感到彭真同志处理问题十分慎重，深入实际，亲自调查，反复研究，在处理时，根据党的政策考虑对外影响，十分周全，既严肃处理了反动神甫，打击了反动势力，又合理合法，使外国无话可说。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">我受到极大教育。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这是我第一次见到彭真同志。1950年10月，我奉命调到彭真办公室担任秘书，当时还不到20岁。彭真当时是北京市委书记，也是中央书记处书记，到彭办当秘书，任务很重要，我感到压力不小。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">为什么会调我到彭办？</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">现在想来，可能是当时的</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">北京市委副书记、组织部长刘仁同志</strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">选调的，因为他了解我从小参加革命的情况；</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">也可能是在处理反动神甫事件时，我向彭真汇报，他对我有印象；</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">也可能二者兼而有之。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这些都是猜测，后来在彭真同志身边工作了几十年，我从来没有问过。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">我白天在北京市委机关上班，晚上住在彭真家中。我要管理、处理文件，也要处理日常事务，包括接电话，按情况处理并向彭真报告。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">而对我后来有很大影响的，是随彭真参加政务院政治法律委员会会议。</span><strong style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">政法委员会的主任是董必武</strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">，彭真是副主任，董老因年龄、身体等原因向中央打报告，请彭真同志主持会议，得到中央的批准。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">每次开会，彭真都带我去参加，以便了解情况，有利于对问题的后期处理。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">这使我初步接触到法律工作，对各方面的情况和问题都有所了解，学到不少东西。</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1952年，我又被调到政法委员会研究室工作。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">新中国立法奠基人</strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">新中国成立后制定的一些法律，都包含着彭真同志的心血。1950年4月制定了《婚姻法》，后来法制委员会发了有关婚姻法若干问题的解答，在报中央前，彭真同志让我给他念解答稿，一个一个问题进行研究、考虑和修改。后来制定的《惩治反革命条例》《惩治贪污条例》，都是彭真同志主持起草的，也是彭真同志在中央人民政府委员会上作的说明。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1953年，中央酝酿成立全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会，并制定选举法，还要起草宪法，以及全国人大组织法、国务院组织法、地方组织法和法院组织法、检察院组织法。宪法是毛主席直接主持起草的，彭真在北京主持党外人士讨论，征求意见。几个组织法是彭真具体主持起草的。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1954年9月，一届全国人大召开，审议通过宪法和几个组织法，我被调去参加大会工作，搜集、反映代表们对宪法和几部组织法草案的意见，整理简报向中央反映，以便进一步研究修改。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一届全国人大选举彭真任副委员长兼秘书长，他负责主持人大常委会机关工作</strong><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">。我被调到人大常委会法律室，在法案组工作，具体从事审议法律和法律解释工作。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">彭真对立法工作很重视，多次强调机关要为立法工作服务。他说：“我们现在要起草刑法、民法、刑事诉讼法、民事诉讼法。”他曾对我说，居委会组织条例是毛泽东主席提议制定的。逮捕拘留条例，有人提出对拘留日期的规定短了，不利于查清犯罪。彭真经过反复研究，认为普遍延长拘留期限不行，后来，按<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">公安部长罗瑞卿</strong>的意见，明确拘留期限的计算，从交代真实姓名住址开始。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">彭真对刑法的制定抓得很紧，法律室专门成立了刑法组，由<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">李琪副主任</strong>负责。到1957年，搞出了22稿，彭真亲自听取汇报，研究修改，经中央政治局讨论，一届全国人大四次会议发代表征求意见。后来“反右”开始，停顿下来了。1962年“七千人大会”后，毛泽东主席又提出来要搞刑法，又搞到33稿。中央常委讨论了，原准备提会，“文革”又开始了，再次停顿。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“文革”前在全国人大的这一段，我还想提一件事。党的“八大”<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">董必武同志</strong>的发言，是彭真同志主持起草的。“有法可依，有法必依”这两句话，是那次发言稿中提出来的，其实是彭真同志率先提出的。到了80年代，执法的问题比较突出，邓小平同志总结过去的经验教训，发展成了四句话：“有法可依，有法必依，执法必严，违法必究。”</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">调我回全国人大当“苦力”</strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“文革”开始后，全国人大常委会机关被说成是“彭真的黑据点”，工作完全瘫痪。在常委会机关，首先查封的就是我的办公室，要我揭发彭真的所谓反毛主席、反党活动。我本着党性，一直讲事实，绝不瞎说，因此过不了关。有一天，有人把我带上车到政协礼堂，去后才知道是中央国家机关批斗彭真，把我和另外一些同志押到台上来陪斗。后来，我到外地劳动，1975年11月离开了常委会机关，被调到教育部工农教育司工作。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“文革”结束后，我们一直盼望着彭真同志能出来工作。1978年12月下旬，<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">项淳一同志</strong>告诉我彭真同志要回北京了，我们一起去机场迎接。当时组织上没有组织去迎接，但一传十，十传百，自发去机场迎接的有几百人。彭真与妻子张洁清和子女下了飞机，大家拥上去。彭真见到我，与我握手，停了一下说：“小顾，你还那么年轻。”我说：“不年轻了，已经48岁了。”彭真说：“不像。”因为我是1950年到彭办工作的，已经近30年了，“文革”后没再见面，所以彭真以为我年龄会很大了。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">春节时我去拜访彭真同志，他问我愿不愿意回人大常委会继续从事立法工作，我表示愿意回来。不久，中组部来函调我到人大常委会机关工作。1979年2月23日，五届全国人大成立法制委员会，任命彭真为主任，我于3月8日到法制委员会报到。第二天上午，彭真与我谈话，他说，法制建设非常重要，立法任务很重，要搞好立法必须有“苦力”班子。他说：“我年纪大了，但绝不偷懒，不过要靠‘苦力’做具体工作。你多年从事立法工作，以后可以做我的法律顾问。”我表示一定努力工作。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">此后，我主要做了五方面工作：一是向彭真同志汇报立法的情况、主要问题和不同意见；二是提供国外有关规定；三是彭真同志在研究一些问题时，有什么考虑，总是先找我们谈，听我们的意见，酝酿后再逐步扩大征求意见；四是根据彭真同志意见，起草向中央的请示报告稿，根据中央意见和彭真同志指示，对法进行具体修改，提出修改方案；五是彭真同志作报告时，帮着记录，再整理，定稿前彭真同志让彭办送我再斟酌。彭真同志对我说：我的报告稿，你看后再定。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">当时工作非常繁重，的确是在做“苦力”。但在彭真同志领导下，能踏踏实实做事，心情非常舒畅，一心只想勤奋工作，把“文革”耽误的时间抢回来。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; text-align: center; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">3个月立了7部法</strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1979年3月9日，彭真同志召集<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">武新宇、刘复之、王汉斌、张友渔、高西江</strong>等人开会，我也参加。他说，昨天与<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">华国锋、叶剑英</strong>同志谈了，大体5月要召开全国人大会议，要通过几部法，包括刑法、刑诉法、选举法、地方组织法、法院和检察院组织法等，你们抓紧搞。后来又加了中外合资经营企业法。当时<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">叶剑英</strong>是全国人大常委会委员长，他说人大必须加强立法工作，如果搞不好，就是没有尽到职责，就是尸位素餐。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三个月要立七部法，每部法还都要立得非常慎重，时间太紧太紧了。关于刑法，当时有“文革”前人大法律室搞的33稿，还有政法委主持搞的“刑法修订二稿”。修订二稿增加了不少有关经济方面犯罪的规定，如几年完不成计划就构成犯罪。彭真同志很重视，他说，修订二稿打击面宽了，要三个分开：一是党纪，一是政纪，一是犯罪。刑法只能规定犯罪问题，这是一个重要原则。后来，刑法草案在33稿的基础上进行修改，吸收修订二稿中好的东西。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">关于刑事诉讼法，彭真对我说：过去我们强调实质问题，不太讲程序，被林彪、“四人帮”利用了，所以，要重视程序。林彪、“四人帮”提出“一人供听、二人供信、三人供定”，造成许多冤假错案。彭真在审查刑诉法时指出，刑诉法的任务要从两个方面考虑，一是不放纵坏人，二是不冤枉好人。他还提出，现在刑诉法的一个主要问题，要把关押期限尽量缩短到最低限度。他说：一个人不管有罪无罪、判多少年，一关就这么长时间，社会主义法制是不能容忍的。这些思想在当时是非常重要的，说明彭真同志深刻总结了“文革”教训，真正在依照法治精神来主持制定法律。他亲自把刑诉法的任务是“揭露犯罪、证实犯罪”，改为“保证准确及时地查明犯罪事实，正确适用法律，惩罚犯罪分子”。还把“搜集”证据改为“收集”证据，在证据前加了“能够证实被告人有罪或者无罪、犯罪情节轻重的各种证据”。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">当时彭真同志已经77岁，三个月搞七部法，只有夜以继日地工作。他在大会堂的办公室、会议室，几乎晚上都亮着灯，连大会堂的服务人员都非常感动。由于过分劳累，彭真同志发高烧住进医院。就是在住院期间，也没停止工作，还要我到医院向他汇报情况，进行研究。后来，我听说<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">5月29日中央开会讨论了刑法和刑诉法草案，是彭真同志作的说明。我很奇怪，彭真同志发着高烧，正在住院，怎么能参加会议呢？我问彭办的同志，他们告诉我：彭真同志是让医生给他打了退烧针，带病去参加会议作的说明。</strong>对于一个年近八旬的老人，这是在拼命啊！</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">我们都以他为榜样，忘我工作。有一次我骑自行车回家，被人撞倒了，我根本没时间与撞我的人分辩，让他赶紧走，自己扛着自行车去修，放下自行车急忙回家继续工作。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">后来修改宪法时，我患牙病，要求医生一次拔三颗牙，医生说这样太危险，牙只能一颗一颗地拔。我坚持让医生一次拔掉三颗，为了不耽误工作。</strong>这都是在彭真同志身边耳濡目染、向他学习的结果。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 76, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">让我当场宣读宪法</strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1979年起草民诉法时，我向彭真同志汇报，反映地方和群众的一种说法：“<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">官告民一告一个准，民告官没门。</strong>”彭真对此极为重视，认为这关系到维护人民权益和行政机关依法行政的问题，他说，这个问题要解决。后来他指示在民诉法草案第三条中增加了第二款，“<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">法律规定由人民法院审理的行政案件，适用本规定。</strong>”从此确立了行政诉讼制度。当时对这一条的争议不大，但后来到具体规定哪些行政行为可以向法院起诉时，就有了不同看法。<br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">1982年8月，五届全国人大常委会审议制定海洋环境保护法时，国务院的主管行政部门对不服行政处罚的可以向人民法院起诉的规定，坚决不同意。他们说，港监的帽子上有国徽，怎么能告港监？多次交换意见也谈不下来。我们向彭真汇报后，彭真同志表示要坚持。为了解决问题，彭真同志亲自开会协调，<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">陈丕显、彭冲</strong>等几位副委员长都参加。开始，主管行政部门的同志还是不同意。彭真让我当场念宪法。我念了宪法第四十一条的规定，公民对任何国家机关和国家工作人员的违法失职行为，有向有关机关申诉、控告和检举的权利。我说，宪法规定的“任何国家机关和国家工作人员”，就包括了行政机关和行政机关工作人员，其中的“控告”就是可以向法院起诉。这样，主管行政部门的同志没话说了。到1988年，一共有130多部法律、行政法规规定了可以受理的行政案件。<br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">彭真同志总是强调，法律面前人人平等。有人曾提出：是地方党委大、党委书记大，还是法大？彭真同志明确回答：法大。他说：法是党中央领导制定的，是全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会通过的，哪个地方党委，哪个书记，比党中央还大，比最高国家权力机关还大？早在50年代，彭真同志在一届全国人大一次会议上发言强调：“在少数国家工作人员中还有这么一种思想，他们以为法律是只管老百姓或只管小人物的，至于大干部、大人物……对法律遵守不遵守，是无关重要的。”“这是完全错误的。”“一切认为国家机关可以违法的思想，实际上是一种只许州官放火不许百姓点灯的反动统治阶级的思想，必须反对它。”<br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; text-size-adjust: auto; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">彭真同志曾总结自己多年的工作，坚持了两条：真理面前人人平等，法律面前人人平等。在彭真同志身边工作几十年，他对我的教育培养不是一篇短文能说得清的，他的民主法制思想的博大精深，更不是三言两语可以道得尽的。彭真同志是我国民主法制建设的主要奠基人，这样的评价，对他来说，是恰如其分的。</span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; text-align: right; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">（作者为全国人大常委会法工委原主任）</strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); font-size: 12px; font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></strong></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; text-align: right; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 12px; color: rgb(136, 136, 136); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">来源：《民主与法制》，2009年第17期 </strong></span></p><p></p>
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