是谁导致了基层的疲惫？
<h2 align="center" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10.5pt; padding: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt; text-align: center; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 16.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">是谁导致了基层的疲惫？</span></b></h2><h2 align="center" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 10.5pt; text-indent: 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: center; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">基层辛苦是共识，但只有真正身在基层的同志才能切身感受到那种心身俱疲。身体累不可怕，可怕的是心累，可怕的是没了盼头、没了奔头，柳暗花</font>“黑”、绝处逢“坑”、苦尽“酸”来，没有丝毫喘息之机，在一轮接着一轮的攻坚中、督察中、问责中不断保持高压工作状态，掀起了一轮又一轮的工作高潮。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">本人入坑已两年有余，</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">除了工资没高，身体各项指标均呈崩盘趋势，突出表现在血压直线飙升，心率持续过速，内分泌严重紊乱。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">日复一日的工作失衡、生活失序中，我经常思考这个问题：</font>“是谁导致了基层的疲惫？”</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(255, 63, 0); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">一、基层的疲惫，源于各级职能部门的不作为</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">基层的同志们最熟悉的四个字叫</font>“属地管理”，在这个魔性的词汇前，什么“权责一致”“谁审批谁负责”“谁主管谁负责”都成了摆设，</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">各级部门习惯的做法是</font>“审批我来，管理你去”，稍有异议，“下周督察”。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">督察有监察委和两办督查室，什么时候各级部门成了名正言顺的督察部门？</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">其实基层镇办不具备很多法定职能，特别是城市中的办事处，无机构、无职权也无力承担本应是一些政府职能部门依法履行的职责。但现实情况是，许多政府职能部门断章取义，片面以</font>“属地化”为理由，推卸本应承担的法定责任，导致基层目前几乎成为所有工作的责任主体和工作主体。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">在权利没有属地化，人员经费没有属地化的大前提下，只把责任属地化，有权利有职责有义务的职能部门成了督导部门、考核部门、排名部门，基层办事处无力反驳、不敢反驳。</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">虽然上级在安排部署工作中经常强调要部门联动、齐抓共管，但实际工作中最难实现的也是部门联动，变成了部门联动都不动、齐抓共管没人管，办事处为所有工作兜底。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">因为需要联动的工作往往都是有众多责任边界的工作，面临日益增加的工作压力，推进工作靠的是责任倒逼，</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">奖惩机制往往只有惩没有奖，甚至干的越多责任越大挨批越多，导致大家看待问题并不认为是应该跳起来去摘的桃子，而是特别苦的黄连，</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">虽然拿下对身体可能有好处，但是吃起来确实困难，性价比不高。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">正好有办事处这个没有责任边界的存在，部门乐得清闲，争相将工作下压，而办事处最终成了吃黄连的哑巴，有苦难言。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">在这种传统的行政管理模式下，基层办事处成为各级各部门各项决策部署的最终落实者，推进工作中办事处在职能上的缺失使得工作机制不顺、工作保障不力，责权利严重不统一，成为制约工作开展的瓶颈。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="center" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(255, 63, 0); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">二、基层的疲惫，源于各级领导的</font>“不担当”</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">基层的同志经常被要求要</font>“强化担当意识”，要“干成事不出事”，但手中的资源、现行的体制很难保障“干成事而不出事”，</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">甚至在各种高压指令与手中职权的矛盾中产生</font>“胡作为”和“乱作为”，与“担当精神”的核心要义背道而驰。</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">上级对本级的要求，首先需要本级将责任扛在肩上、抓在手上，而不是简单的将责任推到下一级。本级是谁？在各级领导心目中，本级就是自己，本级党委政府组成部门和下一级党委政府均属自己的下级，安排工作中也对</font>“条”和“块”进行了一并要求，顺理成章。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">但是，下一级党委政府不等于本级党委政府，下一级党委政府的担当不等于本级担当。</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">真正的本级，不是几个班子成员组成的领导集体，不是两办，也不是下一级党委政府，而是本级的各职能部门，</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">每一个部门都承担着本级党委政府需要承担的职责，需要本级领导率先垂范，带着自己分管的部门克难攻坚，将该尽的责任尽到。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">其实现在很多职能部门之所以习惯于把</font>“属地管理”挂在嘴边，习惯于用督察的手段来制约本来是平级的下一级政府，背后正是因为各级领导习惯于讲“属地管理”、“重心下移”。</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">要都按照这个工作思路，基层镇办是不是应该把所有工作都压到村、社区？村、社区是职能部门么？有经费有机构有人员有职权么？镇办在安排工作中尚且考虑法定权责问题，上级在安排工作中就不考虑么</font>?层层属地管理、层层重心下移，最后所有责任都下移到了基层镇办，还要那些部门干什么？嫌督察的队伍还不够庞大么？</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="center" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 0pt; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"> </span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(255, 63, 0); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><font face="微软雅黑">三、基层的疲惫，源于</font>“自上而下”的督查机制</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">基层目前头疼的工作主要有信访稳定、污染防治、精准脱贫以及各种名目的创建活动等。以本人较为熟悉的污染防治为例。领导经常问一个问题，</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">为什么我们这么多部门、专家组反复排查，但上级环保督导组一来还能发现这么多问题？接下来安排了更加严密的排查机制。</span></b><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">其实，我们现在缺的不是发现问题的眼睛，而是解决问题的拳头。</span></b><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">论发现问题的能力，谁都没有基层强，关键在于很多问题基层没有解决的手段。干好环保工作的核心在于严厉打击违规污染行为，需要有行政处罚权的相关职能部门发挥作用，但目前我们现行的体制习惯于上级督察下级干，下级反映上的问题最后还是自己干，到最后也就没有人傻到反映问题了。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">督导工作应该自下而上而不是自上而下，严格依照法定职责明确各项工作的责任主体，谁的孩儿谁抱走，充分发挥职能部门应有的作用，让有执法权利的单位动起来，不能把所有易激化矛盾的工作往下推，让一群没有执法资格的临时工往前冲，然后把处理临时工作为成本最低的激化矛盾回应方式。</span><span style="font-family: Calibri; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="p" align="justify" style="margin: 0pt 0pt 7.5pt; padding: 0pt; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-indent: 21pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 18.4pt;"><span style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(69, 57, 57); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">要真正让基层成为发现问题的眼睛、宣传政策的喉舌、服务群众的窗口，而不是解决问题的拳头</span><b><span class="15" style="font-family: 微软雅黑; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); letter-spacing: 0.4pt; font-size: 12.5pt; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;">。工作中基层应立足于排查问题、通知整改、验收成果，对拒不整改的违规者移交相关职能部门进行处罚，对拒不接受处罚的移交公安司法机关依法打击，才是治本之策。</span></b></p></h2><p></p>
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