推动高质量发展十策
<p></p><div><br></div><div><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;">“我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段”，是党的十九大对中国经济发展作出的一个重大判断。关于经济发展质量，从经济学意义看，在微观层面，主要是指产品和服务的质量；在中观层面，主要指产业和区域发展质量；在宏观层面，主要指国民经济整体质量和效率，通常可以用全要素生产率来衡量。从投入产出关系来看，高质量发展指的是投入少、产出多、效益好的发展。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> </p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92160" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%; width: 544.391px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%; width: 282px; transform: translateZ(10px); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; width: 20px; height: 23px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-image: url("https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/RYXqeibfzgxKsdV4AcBkRbU5jkAeCZBazBwGtLo3A1tshK4tIDBhwDVgHopACzWricnc74CyI9VMfovnZov2wRLA/640?wx_fmt=png"); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); background-size: 100%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: -6px; padding: 4px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(175, 210, 222); border-radius: 5px;"><p class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(175, 210, 222); white-space: nowrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">实现从高速增长到高质量发展转变</span></strong></p><p class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(175, 210, 222); white-space: nowrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">要完成三个转型</span></strong></p><section style="max-width: 100%; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: -5px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 10px; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"></section><section style="margin-left: 6px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是要从“数量追赶”转向“质量追赶”。</span>改革开放后的经济发展是从短缺经济开始起步的，经济发展的主要任务就是填补“数量缺口”。现在很多领域都出现了产能过剩。转向高质量发展阶段，主要任务是填补“质量缺口”，增强发展的质量优势。“中国速度”已享誉世界，如何创造能够同样享誉世界的“中国质量”，就显得尤为重要。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是要从“规模扩张”转向“结构升级”。</span>传统制造业大规模扩张的阶段基本结束了。未来产业发展主要不是靠规模扩张，而是产业价值链和产品附加值的提升。要完成这个转型，就要推动要素在行业内、企业间的自由流动，实现要素再配置，这种再配置对体制环境提出了更高的要求。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是要从要素驱动转向创新驱动。</span>要素的数量红利，无论劳动力、资源还是土地，都正在消失。现在面临的最大“瓶颈”是创新能力和人力资本的不足，这与高速增长时期遇到的“电力瓶颈”“能源瓶颈”“交通瓶颈”是不同的。十九大报告提出要推动经济发展的“三大变革”，从根本上就是要突破创新能力和人力资本的“瓶颈”，提高全要素生产率。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">党的十九大提出，我国经济正处在转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力的攻关期。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是攻克转变发展方式的关口。</span>我国发展方式的基本特征就是投资拉动，而投资拉动的空间正在明显收窄，主要原因是投资边际效率的下降。2008年以后，从增量资本产出比来看，变化很明显，每新增一个单位GDP所需投入在逐年上升，带来的后果就是杠杆率的攀升。根据国际清算银行的数据，过去几年我国的杠杆率上升速度比较快。这也是金融风险不断积累的一个根源性因素。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是攻克优化经济结构的关口。</span>过去的结构调整主要依托增量产能扩张，特别是工业产能扩张，而这种扩张现在越来越受到产能过剩的约束。未来的结构优化将表现出与高速增长时期不同的特点，要素在行业内、企业间自由流动，依靠市场机制优化结构成为一个主要形态。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是攻克转换增长动力的关口。</span>随着近年来我国劳动年龄人口逐年减少，土地、资源供需形势变化，生态环境约束强化，要素大规模、高强度投入的条件正在发生明显变化，未来怎么样提高要素生产率，将是攻克这个关口的重要条件。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;">高质量发展要适合中国的发展阶段和基本国情。不能简单地以成熟经济体的“标准结构”作为参照依据，还要充分考虑中国的大国特征、结构快速变动期和发展的不平衡不充分的特点。<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">要实现高质量发展，最根本途径还在于深化改革，增强经济的活力、创新力和竞争力。</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92160" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%; width: 544.391px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%; width: 314px; transform: translateZ(10px); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; width: 20px; height: 23px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-image: url("https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/RYXqeibfzgxKsdV4AcBkRbU5jkAeCZBazBwGtLo3A1tshK4tIDBhwDVgHopACzWricnc74CyI9VMfovnZov2wRLA/640?wx_fmt=png"); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); background-size: 100%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: -6px; padding: 4px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(175, 210, 222); border-radius: 5px;"><p class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(175, 210, 222); white-space: nowrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">转向高质量发展阶段具有诸多有利条件</span></strong></p><section style="max-width: 100%; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: -5px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 10px; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"></section><section style="margin-left: 6px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是经济结构出现重大变化，为高质量发展创造了基础条件。</span>过去五年，消费贡献率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服务业比重从45.3%上升到51.6%，大大增强了经济运行的稳定性。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是中等收入群体不断扩大，为高质量发展提供了强大市场驱动力。</span>我国已形成世界上人口最多的中等收入群体，将推动我国成为全球最大、成长性最强的市场，而且这个群体的消费结构正在转向高端化、个性化、服务化，这是推动高质量发展的强大动力。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是供给侧结构性改革深入推进，为高质量发展开辟了有效途径。</span>供给侧结构性改革有效地增强了市场配置资源功能，特别是在存量资源配置上。2015年以来，我国全要素生产率由降转升，也从一个侧面证明了结构性改革对提高效率的积极意义。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">四是科技创新和技术扩散进入活跃期，为高质量发展提供了技术支撑。</span>2017年我国的研发强度为2.15%，超过欧盟国家的平均水平，“独角兽”企业占全球的比重也非常接近美国，移动支付、电子商务、平台经济、共享单车、新能源汽车等新兴业态跻身世界前列，为高质量发展创造了条件。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">五是全球价值链布局的变化，为高质量发展提供了机遇。</span>近年来，全球性跨国公司主要是依托美欧的服务业价值链和东亚的制造业价值链这两大区域价值链的布局。我国在全球价值链的地位上升，这为提升产业国际竞争力、推动制造业转型升级创造了机会。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="92160" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%; width: 544.391px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section data-width="100%" style="max-width: 100%; width: 218px; transform: translateZ(10px); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; width: 20px; height: 23px; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-image: url("https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/RYXqeibfzgxKsdV4AcBkRbU5jkAeCZBazBwGtLo3A1tshK4tIDBhwDVgHopACzWricnc74CyI9VMfovnZov2wRLA/640?wx_fmt=png"); background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254); background-size: 100%; background-position: 50% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat;"></section></section><section style="margin-top: -6px; padding: 4px 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; width: auto; border: 1px solid rgb(175, 210, 222); border-radius: 5px;"><p class="" data-brushtype="text" style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(175, 210, 222); white-space: nowrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">转向高质量发展十大对策</span></strong></p><section style="max-width: 100%; display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-top: 7px; margin-bottom: -5px; max-width: 100%; display: flex; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; width: 10px; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"></section><section style="margin-left: 6px; max-width: 100%; width: 6px; height: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(254, 254, 254);"></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;">转向高质量发展阶段，将会遇到高速增长阶段未曾遇到的挑战。推动高质量发展，要坚持问题导向制定对策，最根本的是要形成适应高质量发展要求的体制环境。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是完善公平竞争的市场环境，倒逼企业提高产品和服务质量。</span>竞争是市场经济的本质要求。完善公平竞争的市场环境，是推动高质量发展的重要基础条件。这就需要确立竞争政策的基础性地位，进一步打破行政性垄断，防止市场垄断。与此同时，要关注新兴产业“赢者通吃”带来的新问题，引导和促进新兴产业健康发展。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是推进体制机制创新，推动经济增长从依靠要素投入转向创新驱动。</span>创新是发展的第一动力。要把创新摆在高质量发展的核心位置，增强创新对经济增长的驱动力。比如，建立科技成果的产权激励制度，探索赋予科研人员科技成果所有权和长期使用权。再如，完善创新成果向企业的转移机制，强化知识产权的创造、保护和运用等，也要加大力度。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是深化教育体制改革，加快人力资本积累。</span>人才是发展的第一资源。加大人力资本投资，释放人才红利，是推动高质量发展的战略条件。要推动城乡义务教育一体化发展，加大劳动力的职业技术培训，促进高等教育提高质量，积极探索创新型人才培养和成长机制。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">四是优化区域空间结构，提高资源的空间配置效率。</span>充分利用高铁建设带来的有利条件，促进形成网络化区域发展格局。积极发展城市群和大都市圈，强化城市群内部和城市群之间的快速高效连接。创新城市建设的投融资机制，进一步提高投资效率。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">五是增进社会流动性，进一步扩大中等收入群体。</span>创造更加公平的受教育机会，让每个人都有平等机会通过教育改变自身命运、成就人生梦想。打破地域、户籍、行业、编制、社会保障对劳动力流动的限制，构建全国统一的劳动力市场。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">六是深化土地制度改革，提高土地资源配置效率。</span>深化集体经营性建设用地入市改革，实现城乡建设用地同等入市、同权同价。完善农民闲置宅基地和闲置农房政策，探索宅基地所有权、资格权、使用权“三权分置”，促进城乡要素双向流动。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">七是解决突出环境问题，有效应对污染排放峰值期的环境挑战。</span>我国正处在环境库兹涅茨曲线的峰值期，有效应对污染排放峰值期的挑战，要求建立最严格的生态环境监管体制，优化组织体系，提高专业性和监管能力，完善环境监管问责机制。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">八是健全风险管控体制，有效防范化解积累的风险。</span>我国正处于风险易发高发期，有效防范化解重大风险，是推动高质量发展的底线性要求。要强化金融监管机构职能，加快金融机构公司治理改革，加强金融监管能力建设，打好防范化解重大风险攻坚战，守住不发生系统性金融风险的底线。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">九是进一步扩大开放，提升国际竞争力。</span>加强与国际通行经贸规则对接，大幅度放宽市场准入，全面放开一般制造业，放宽服务业外资准入限制，改善外商企业营商环境，推动对外开放迈出更大步伐。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 122, 170); box-sizing: border-box !important;">十是推进全面深化改革，形成与高质量发展相适应的体制环境。</span>加快完善产权制度，依法处理各种侵权行为，依法甄别纠正产权纠纷案件。完善要素市场化配置机制，加快技术、土地等要素价格市场化改革，构建市场机制有效、微观主体有活力、宏观调控有度的经济体制。</p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="89474" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none currentcolor;"><section style="max-width: 100%; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br></section></section><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(64, 118, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;">作者：国务院发展研究中心副主任、研究员 王一鸣</span></p><p style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(64, 118, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;">来源：北京日报</span></p></div>
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