猫眼看文 发表于 2017-9-6 11:50:00

开发区的路子到底怎么走——江苏省开发区建设发展情况调研报告

<section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="90635" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="padding: 20px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-radius: 0px 0px 10px 10px; background-color: rgb(243, 242, 242);"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-width: 28px; border-style: solid; -webkit-border-image: url(&quot;https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTpZDWLF4E2zhRa6YsRtNqFZicn8aicic4E9wL3Q8Tk5KD0ItHeOTnJwJOPrOsgzyd9Q0AbI0YIMmSWg/0.png&quot;) 28 fill; font-size: 14px;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(151, 72, 6); box-sizing: border-box !important;">前段时间,江苏省委办公厅党刊处的同志分别到省商务厅以及苏州、宜兴、江阴、扬中、高邮等地开发区和高新区调研,完成了一篇高质量的调研报告。最近,《群众》杂志刊出报告全文。</span></strong></p></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 33px; text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="90632" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: -webkit-flex; justify-content: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.4px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmHaOKqKlpqPPrrZUMD2twrOf3AEiazctUmOFP55YPqaQ2OOo94d1Z1Ag/0.png" data-width="100%" class="" data-ratio="2.4285714285714284" data-w="28" _width="100%" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmHaOKqKlpqPPrrZUMD2twrOf3AEiazctUmOFP55YPqaQ2OOo94d1Z1Ag/0.png?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.3906px; display: block; height: auto !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); height: 35px; line-height: 35px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">态势</span></strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.4px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmN2VGodg2XD59JibsYGWSTsujrgdxGne9fcuDiayy3R2AvX1rZJLKLZcw/0.png" data-width="100%" class="" data-ratio="2.4285714285714284" data-w="28" _width="100%" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmN2VGodg2XD59JibsYGWSTsujrgdxGne9fcuDiayy3R2AvX1rZJLKLZcw/0.png?tp=webp&amp;wxfrom=5&amp;wx_lazy=1" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.3906px; display: block; height: auto !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">作为东部沿海发达省份,多年来江苏开发区建设取得了显著成绩,为全省经济社会发展大局作出了重要贡献。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">经济发展主阵地加速形成。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">上世纪90年代,江苏抓住浦东开发开放重大机遇,迅速行动,主动以浦东为龙头、以沿江地区为重点,大力推进开发区建设,并不断向苏北腹地延伸,由此江苏开放型经济多年保持两位数增长,在全国的位次也大幅提升。目前全省131家国家级和省级开发区,数量与发展水平都处于全国领先的位置。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">作为开放型经济最主要载体的开发区,创造了全省1/2的地区生产总值和一般公共预算收入,吸纳了3/4的实际使用外资,完成了全省4/5的进出口总额</strong>,在全省经济总量中举足轻重。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">发展要素向高端集聚。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">各类高端创新要素不断汇聚,为开发区创新发展提供了不竭动力。前沿科技和高端人才不断流入。苏州工业园区引进中科院苏州纳米所等“国家队”科研院所8家,国家级创新基地20多个,累计建成各类科技载体超380万平方米,入选国家“千人计划”135人,<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">人才总量位列全国开发区首位</strong>。扬中高新区以产学研为依托,推进院士工作站、博士后工作站、国家级技术研发中心等创新载体建设,吸引施正荣、马伟明等杰出科技人才及其团队陆续加盟,科技和人才要素聚集明显。金融资本不断注入。在先人一步的体制机制引导下,开发区<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">形成了一个个金融资本源源不断流入经济主体的洼地</strong>。江阴高新区创新科技金融合作机制,积极实践“企业家+科学家+金融家=大赢家”模式,加速推进科技产业的裂变发展,目前已通过财政引导建立各类创投基金累计注册资本超30亿元。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">产业集群各具特色。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">各园区坚持实施全产业链发展,着力推动产业升级,做大做强主导产业,<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">走出各自“高、新、特”之路</strong>。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">苏州工业园区大力发展创新型服务型经济</strong>,形成以信达生物、苏大维格等为代表,规模近千亿元的生物医药、纳米技术应用、人工智能三大新兴产业集群,高新技术产业、新兴产业产值占比分别达到67%、59%。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">江阴高新区推动产业融入全球产业链价值链的中高端环节</strong>,形成特钢新材料及金属制品、高端智能装备、现代中药等先进制造业和总部经济等现代服务业共同发展的产业格局。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">宜兴环科园集聚了全国最密集的环保创新资源</strong>,构建了国内最完备的环保产业体系,成为国际环保技术交流合作的主阵地。高邮高新区现已成为全国著名“路灯制造之乡”,拥有灯具企业近500家,产品涵盖各类室外绿色照明灯具,全国市场占有率达40%。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">产城融合快速推进。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">以产兴城、以城带产、产城融合是我省开发区发展的一大亮点。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">苏州工业园区坚守新加坡先规划再建设理念</strong>,强调在规划中预埋城市化的种子,开始的定位就不仅仅是工业区,而是一座城。园区工业用地、居住用地、配套服务用地严格按1︰1︰1配比,经过20年的持续建设,现在邻里中心、便利中心与住宅小区相配套,产业体系、居住环境与生活条件共同发展,形成了现代化的崭新都市。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">高邮高新区试行“区镇合一”管理模式</strong>,被列入省新型城镇化试点和发达镇行政管理体改试点,正通过不断优化“一室五局”运行方式,推动产业、人口、城镇空间布局整合优化和融合发展,宜居宜业的现代产业新城区已现雏形。更多的开发区则是通过加强配套设施建设,完善原有园区服务业功能,通过提档升级来推进产城融合发展。江阴开发区正在加快打造创新引领、产城一体的滨江科技城;宜兴环科园按照“一流园区一流承载”要求,规划建设200多万平方米的各类功能性载体,初步满足了高端人才团队生产生活、创新创业的功能配套需求。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">体制机制不断创新。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">开发区作为改革开放试验田,一直是引领各地创新发展的排头兵。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">苏州工业园区构建大部门制工作格局</strong>,形成了“一个部门管审批、一支队伍管理执法、一个部门管理市场”的管理新机制,创新实践的“互联网+政务服务”模式,有效提升了亲商亲民服务水平。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">扬中高新区通过构建“一站式”综合服务实体平台</strong>,将行政审批、政策咨询与申报、科技金融服务、公共技术服务、市场拓展服务、商务中介服务等纳入其中,集中受理、联合办理。开发区内精简高效的管理体制和灵活的运行机制,大大增强了开发区的发展活力。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="90632" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: -webkit-flex; justify-content: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.4px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmHaOKqKlpqPPrrZUMD2twrOf3AEiazctUmOFP55YPqaQ2OOo94d1Z1Ag/0.png" data-width="100%" class="" data-ratio="2.4285714285714284" data-w="28" _width="100%" src="data:image/gif;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVQImWNgYGBgAAAABQABh6FO1AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; height: 34.9487px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; width: 14.3906px !important;"></section><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); height: 35px; line-height: 35px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">问题</span></strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.4px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmN2VGodg2XD59JibsYGWSTsujrgdxGne9fcuDiayy3R2AvX1rZJLKLZcw/0.png" data-width="100%" class="" data-ratio="2.4285714285714284" data-w="28" _width="100%" src="data:image/gif;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVQImWNgYGBgAAAABQABh6FO1AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; height: 34px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; width: 14px !important;"></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">当前全省开发区建设也面临着一些突出矛盾和问题。从外部环境看,国内经济处于“三期”叠加的复杂阶段,开发区沿袭传统建设方式和运作模式势将难以为继。从自身发展看,全省开发区不同程度地存在资源利用效率不高、工业比重过大、二三产业整合不充分以及创新能力较弱等突出问题。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">主干产业同质化。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">主要体现在三方面:</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><blockquote style="margin-top: 5px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(157, 180, 194); line-height: 25px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是高新占比不够。</strong>各个开发区虽然全都致力于高新企业带动,但分析其骨干企业构成,仍然存在传统产业和一般制造业占主体,高新技术企业偏少、自主创新能力不强、产出效率偏低等问题。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是产业聚集不够。</strong>除了苏州工业园区、宜兴环科园等少数园区外,大部分园区尚未真正形成独特而成规模的产业优势和功能特色。特别是很多开发区缺少龙头项目支撑、上下游产业配套不到位、产业链条较短。区内企业只是在数量上简单汇合多、在空间上地理聚集多,企业关联度低,产业同构较为明显。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是规划整合不够。</strong>部分后发园区主干产业从小范围看有特色,一镇一业、一村一品,但从整个市域乃至全省开发区整体布局看,还存在产业定位趋同,主导产业不突出,特色发展、错位发展有待提高等问题,亟需从全省层面进一步优化整合。</p></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">园区管理碎片化。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">由于各类开发区发展阶段、所处层级等各不相同,加上政出多门,导致园区管理不统一、不规范、不顺畅,法治化水平低甚至存在野蛮生长现象。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一方面,碎在名目繁多、名实不符。</strong>目前我国开发区主要包括高新区、经开区和保税港区、综合保税区、海关特殊监管区等4种类型,据了解全省却有多达十余种名号,随之而来的就是功能定位、机构设置、运行机制等方面的错位和紊乱。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">另一方面,碎在体制机制不够健全。</strong>开发区的法律地位问题一直未能很好解决,开发区党工委、管委会作为当地党委、政府的派出机构,并不是一级行政主体,在行政审批、社会管理和执法等具体工作上存在许多模糊地带。由于对开发区的授权不够充分,许多与经济管理有直接关系的行政审批事项没有下放,导致开发区办事环节增多、协调难度增大、行政效能降低。由于人事制度、分配制度不适应发展需求,导致开发区内生动力不强。特别是开发区管理人员中,除了上级调任的行政编人员和基层站所事业编制人员,一半以上均为无编聘用人员,因为编制原因缺乏上升通道,加上薪酬制度的一些刚性规定,存在骨干流失等问题,亟待引起重视。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">资源利用低效化。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">部分开发区投入产出效益不高、持续发展后劲不足的问题比较突出。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">土地投入利用率不高。</strong>在开发区的前期建设发展过程中,通过各类优惠政策特别是地价优惠,吸引了一大批企业落户,但部分企业因地价便宜,夸大用地需求,甚至大肆圈地,造成单位产出效益不高。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">资金投入回报率不足。</strong>为招引项目,大部分开发区先期在基础设施、公共服务等方面财政投入资金巨大。而园内中小企业大多所缴税收贡献很小,资金短缺且存在互保、联保现象,极易发生资金链断裂的“连锁反应”。与此同时,创业投融资生态亟待改善。目前创投所得税收过高,且收益周期设定达10年,抑制了私人风险投资的积极性。而且创业投资机构良莠不齐,相关信息披露透明度不够,增加了投资风险成本。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">科研投入贡献率不够。</strong>除苏州工业园区先行一步、独占鳌头外,其他开发区普遍感到在国家级产业服务促进机构等重大创新平台建设上相对滞后,高端人才对产业的支撑尚显不足,在创新能力的培育上有待进一步加强。这些都导致区内企业缺乏核心技术,产品寿命不长,后续发展能力薄弱,经受不住市场的波动和振荡。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="90632" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="max-width: 100%; display: -webkit-flex; justify-content: center; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.4px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmHaOKqKlpqPPrrZUMD2twrOf3AEiazctUmOFP55YPqaQ2OOo94d1Z1Ag/0.png" data-width="100%" class="" data-ratio="2.4285714285714284" data-w="28" _width="100%" src="data:image/gif;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVQImWNgYGBgAAAABQABh6FO1AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; height: 34.9487px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; width: 14.3906px !important;"></section><section class="" data-brushtype="text" style="padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(153, 153, 153); height: 35px; line-height: 35px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">出路</span></strong></span></section><section style="max-width: 100%; width: 14.4px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/fgnkxfGnnkTWr4EWx931apWl0AMhKjOmN2VGodg2XD59JibsYGWSTsujrgdxGne9fcuDiayy3R2AvX1rZJLKLZcw/0.png" data-width="100%" class="" data-ratio="2.4285714285714284" data-w="28" _width="100%" src="data:image/gif;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVQImWNgYGBgAAAABQABh6FO1AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; height: 34px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; width: 14px !important;"></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">针对上述问题,要坚持以提高全要素生产率为目标,以推进供给侧结构性改革为核心,聚力创新,多管齐下,努力推进开发区改革创新转型发展。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">坚持问题导向,着力推动“三个转变”。省有关部门宜从规划、建设到考核评估全流程,着力推进三个方面的转变。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><blockquote style="margin-top: 5px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(157, 180, 194); line-height: 25px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是从依靠政策支持向依靠体制机制创新转变,着力培育可持续发展的新动能。</strong>必须立足现有条件,进一步加大开发区管理体制机制创新力度,着力推进全省开发区在投资管理、贸易便利化、事中事后监管等领域深化改革,力求做到“园内事园内办结”,提高行政效率。创新开发区运行机制,赋予开发区更大的先行试点权,促进优质资源、优质要素、优质产业加速向开发区集聚。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是从依赖要素驱动向依赖创新驱动转变,着力打造经济发展新引擎。</strong>开发区最为欠缺的就是创新发展的内在动能,必须打破路径依赖,打造有利于创新要素生长、积聚的创新生态;积极实施招商选资与招才引智,提高引进项目质量,扩大技术溢出效应;加强科技创新和成果转化能力建设,构建高新技术产业和高素质人才集聚区,培育有利于创新的土壤。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是从注重数量规模扩张向注重集约高效发展转变,着力培育产业竞争新优势。</strong>针对园区和企业同质化突出问题,进一步强化各地发展规划的约束力,完善产业关联机制,最大可能地降低“布局跟着产业走”的随意性。努力延伸产业链条,大力培育主导产业、跟随产业、衍生产业和配套产业,形成有序发展、集群发展的新格局。</p></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">坚持效益导向,推动企业向产业链价值链中高端攀升。</strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(28, 28, 28); box-sizing: border-box !important;">坚持以提高投资和产出的综合效益为导向,摆脱一哄而上、低端循环的旧有发展模式。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">首先,要加快推行效益量化评估。</strong>建议由省有关部门牵头,吸纳省内国家级和骨干省级开发区参加,按照以“技术先进、市场前景、税收贡献”为衡量投资有效性的总体原则,以亩产效益为中心的综合评价方法,编制投资效益量化评估标准,并以此作为各类开发区投资准入的门槛。突出智能制造主攻方向。当前,新一轮科技革命和产业变革蓄势待发,“风口”就是智能制造。建议省有关部门顺应大势、突出重点,以促进两化深度融合为抓手,加快传统制造业改造提升,把智能制造作为主攻方向,大力培育发展战略性新兴产业、生产性服务业和高端服务业,形成有特色有亮点有影响的产业园区。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">其次,要从严倒逼低效产能退出。</strong>省有关部门宜结合“三去一降一补”,牵头制定标准体系,在安全、能耗、环保、质量等方面,实施更加严格的标准,从制度层面从严倒逼过剩产能、落后产能退出。加强投资项目管理,严格能评、环评和安全生产等环节的审查,未开工的违规项目一律不得开工建设,已经建成的要全面清理。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(192, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">坚持改革导向,着力营造更加良好的发展环境。</strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-tools="135编辑器" data-id="7" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><blockquote style="margin-top: 5px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; border-left-width: 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(157, 180, 194); line-height: 25px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一是大力推进职能改革。</strong>可以选择有条件的省级以上开发区进行商事投资办理便利化和园区内部社会管理服务改革。应当支持有条件的园区试行产学研金介政“六位一体”的协同创新模式,有效整合创新资源,形成社会系统的协同创新链。可复制苏州工业园区“大部制”经验,深入推进行政审批改革试点,借鉴苏州工业园区集成式建立社会服务保障中心的做法,强化政府服务职能。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">二是着力减少对微观事务的管理。</strong>可以借鉴上海自贸区的有关经验,推广苏州工业园区集成式综合服务做法,进一步理顺开发区管理与开发、条线与属地、区内与区外等各方面的关系,把可以由社会组织承担的事务转移给社会组织;引导鼓励境内外投资者参与开发区内各类公益性、准公益性基础设施项目建设;选择有条件的开发区,将开发区的管理机构试行由政府部门改为公司进行管理。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三是营造鼓励大胆创新创业的氛围。</strong>健全科学的评价体系,对开发区实行“有升有退”的动态管理,支持经济综合实力领先、产业特色明显、内生动力突出的开发区升格,对土地资源利用效率低、环保不达标、发展长期滞后的开发区给以警告、通报、限期整改和降格直至退出等处罚。健全激励和容错纠错机制,深化开发区人事制度改革,赋予开发区中层干部任免权,实行先任免后备案。支持开发区薪酬制度改革,探索实行弹性工资制,对通过市场化选聘的招商人员实行市场化薪酬分配机制。</p></blockquote></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; text-indent: 32px; line-height: 33px; text-align: justify; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">摘编自《群众</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">》2017年第16期</span></strong></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: -apple-system-font, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">作者:</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">中共江苏省委办公厅党刊处</span></strong></span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(127, 127, 127); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">(执笔人:李天宁、孙庆刚、刘军、周家琦、姚咏、蒋佳城)</span></strong></span></p><p></p>

湖一岛 发表于 2020-9-24 18:02:19

分析到位有深度,对策建议针对性强,值得学习。
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