公文中状中搭配不当实例评改
<section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.75; text-align: justify; letter-spacing: 0px;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: center;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">文 | 栾照钧</strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> “状中搭配不当”是指状语与中心语搭配不当,也可简称“状中不搭配”。它大多表现为整个句子中的状语与述语或述语的宾语不搭配,也有个别的表现为句子成分中的状中词组内部不搭配。本文对此试作归纳,并精选不同情形的实例进行评改。例句中有其他语病的,顺便指出。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 670px;"><section class="" style="margin-right: 3px; padding-right: 6px; padding-left: 6px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 3px 3px 0px 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">一、词的错用导致的搭配不当</p></section><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oh75icS0hT7f2sz91DK14LshoG6FibzZcesvqulGXG5cP4euSN4z7KLTb7Dd0PYb9KJZMBMIr7geruycd8QicRpIw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="2" data-w="50" width="0.8em" data-type="png" _width="0.8em" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oh75icS0hT7f2sz91DK14LshoG6FibzZcesvqulGXG5cP4euSN4z7KLTb7Dd0PYb9KJZMBMIr7geruycd8QicRpIw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; height: auto !important; width: 0.8em !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 670px; font-size: 0px;"><section style="margin-right: -6px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 670px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-top: -2px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px;">【例1】专题召开了农村发展党员工作会议,出台了《发展党员工作操作规程》,下发了发展党员工作流程图,对异地发展党员、非党村委会主任入党等问题作出了明确规定。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 14px;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “专题”系名词,不能充当“召开”的状语。首句宜修改为“专门召开了农村发展党员工作会议”或“召开了农村发展党员工作专题会议”。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px;">【例2】建立作风建设巡视督导机制,自上而下成立督导巡视组,直接督促指导各级作风建设工作开展,外力推动问题整改效率和工作品质提升。</span></span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; font-size: 14px;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></span></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “外力”系名词,不能做“推动”的状语。可将最后一句修改为连动句:“借助外力推动整改效率和工作品质的提升。”</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例3】凡国有资产严重流失的企业,一概追究领导责任。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 副词“一概”宜改成“一律”。“一概”和“一律”均有“表示适用于全体,没有例外”的意思,但用法略有不同。“一概”用在动词前,仅限于对事物的概括,“一律”对人对事均可。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例4】微电子技术正以惊人的速度迅猛渗透到工业的各个领域。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> “迅猛”即迅速而猛烈,含有飞速、一下子的意思;“渗透”比喻一种事物或势力逐渐进入到其他方面(多用于抽象事物),表示逐步发展的动态,是逐层深入的过程。“迅猛”与“渗透”不搭配。要形容渗透的速度快,可将“迅猛”修改为“迅速”;但在语义上与“以惊人的速度”重复,故此例宜将“迅猛”删去。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例5】从专科实验室的建设到循证医学临床统计工作室的成立,从临床科研到基础科研,从人才引进到青年基金、国家自然孵化基金的投入,深入体现了医院对科研工作的高度重视和支持。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> “深入”系动词和形容词,虽可充当状语,但和中心语“体现”不搭配。“深入体现了”宜修改为“充分体现了”。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 670px;"><section class="" style="margin-right: 3px; padding-right: 6px; padding-left: 6px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 3px 3px 0px 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">二、词组错用导致的搭配不当</p></section><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oh75icS0hT7f2sz91DK14LshoG6FibzZcesvqulGXG5cP4euSN4z7KLTb7Dd0PYb9KJZMBMIr7geruycd8QicRpIw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="2" data-w="50" width="0.8em" data-type="png" _width="0.8em" src="data:image/gif;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVQImWNgYGBgAAAABQABh6FO1AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; height: 25.5938px !important; width: 12.7969px !important;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 670px; font-size: 0px;"><section style="margin-right: -6px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 670px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-top: -2px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.75; text-align: justify;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">(一)用法不正确</strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例1】干警们一路追踪,辗转反侧、风尘仆仆地来到海南。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 成语“辗转反侧”形容心中有事,躺在床上翻来覆去不能入睡,用在此句中明显不当,应删去;或者将其修改为“几经周折”或“辗转数省”(后面的顿号宜改为逗号)。“辗转”除指身体翻来覆去外,还有“经过许多人的手或经过许多地方”之义。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例2】对国家政策、法令和上级的规定有恃无恐。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 成语“有恃无恐”是因有所依仗而毫不害怕或毫无顾忌之义,用在这里明显不妥,修改为“熟视无睹”或“置若罔闻”就恰当了。另,为体现依法治国的理念,“国家政策、法令”最好修改为“国家法律、政策”。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例3】我们不能寄希望于通过开展一次教育实践活动就将沉疴顽疾“毕其功于一役”,必须在思想上做好长期战斗的准备。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> “沉疴顽疾”为名词性联合词组,“将沉疴顽疾”不能充当“毕其功于一役”的状语。可修改为:“我们不能寄希望于通过开展一次教育实践活动即可治愈沉疴顽疾而‘毕其功于一役’,必须……”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例4】判决宣告以后,刑罚执行完毕以前,发现被判刑的犯罪分子在判决宣告以前还有其他罪没有判决的,应当对新发现的罪作出判决,把前后两个判决所判处的刑罚,依照本法第六十九条的规定,决定执行的刑罚。已经执行的刑期,应当计算在新判决决定的刑期以内。(《中华人民共和国刑法》第七十条)</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 介词词组“把前后两个判决所判处的刑罚”和“决定执行的刑罚”搭配不当。“把”字句一般表示一种处置作用,即谓语中心语所表示的动作是对“把”引介的对象施加影响,使它产生某种变化,或处于某种状态。此例中的“把”字结构后面没有与之适应的、能起到这种作用的谓语中心语,“把刑罚决定刑罚”显然不成话。将介词“把”修改为“根据”即可消除语病。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">(二)语意不协调</strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 1.充当状语的词组与中心语语意不协调</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例1】重大环境污染事故,是指在化学品的生产、运输、储存、使用和废弃处置过程中,由于各种原因引起化学品从其包装容器、运送管道、生产和使用环节中泄漏,造成空气、水源和土壤等周围环境的污染,严重危害和影响公众健康的事件。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 化学品“从其包装容器、运送管道中泄漏” 可以,但“从生产和使用环节中泄漏”不通。可修改为:“重大环境污染事故,是指在……中,由于各种原因引起化学品从其包装容器、运送管道中泄漏,或者在生产和使用环节发生泄漏,造成……的事件。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例2】有义务协助执行的人,对人民法院的协助执行通知书,无故推拖、拒绝或者妨碍执行的;(《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》第四十九条第一款第一项)</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 介词词组“对人民法院的协助执行通知书”和“妨碍执行”搭配不当。另,“推拖”应为“推托”;“推托”即借故拒绝,和“拒绝”词义重复。可修改为:“有义务协助执行的人,接到人民法院的协助执行通知书后,无故推托或者妨碍执行的;”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 2.充当状语的词组与谓语中的述宾词组语意不协调</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例1】区检察院试行设立监察室的做法值得肯定和推广,区人大常委会和区政府对有关问题应该给予支持。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> “对有关问题应该给予支持”明显不妥。可修改为:“……区人大常委会和区政府对解决有关问题应该给予支持。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例2】对于模范执行财经纪律的单位和个人一定要大力宣传,大张旗鼓地表扬、奖励、树立榜样。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 说“要树立榜样”或“把×××树为榜样”均可,但说“对于×××树立榜样”则不通。宜将“树立榜样”四个字连同前面的顿号一并删去。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例3】无论在新刑法的规定中还是在原刑法的规定中,已满14岁不满16岁的人对抢劫罪都应负刑事责任,但对其犯罪行为应当从轻或者减轻处罚。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 述语成分残缺和状语成分多余导致状语和谓语的语意不协调。前分句中的介词“对”使用不当,而且和下句中的“对”重复。后分句的表述不当,应是对犯罪的人而不是对犯罪行为从轻或者减轻处罚,承接上句可将“对其犯罪行为”删去。全句可修改为:“无论根据新《刑法》还是原《刑法》的规定,已满14岁不满16岁的人犯抢劫罪都要负刑事责任,但应当从轻或者减轻处罚。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例4】任何单位和个人不得以任何借口对公民的举报,进行阻拦、压制、刁难或打击报复。(《最高人民检察院关于保护公民举报权利的规定》第五条)</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 介词词组“对公民的举报”和谓语部分的“进行打击报复”搭配不当,应是“对举报人打击报复”。可修改为:“任何单位和个人不得以任何借口对公民的举报进行阻拦、压制、刁难,或者对举报人打击报复。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 670px;"><section class="" style="margin-right: 3px; padding-right: 6px; padding-left: 6px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; border-radius: 3px 3px 0px 0px; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 18px; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;">三、句子成分中的状中词组内部不搭配</p></section><img data-src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oh75icS0hT7f2sz91DK14LshoG6FibzZcesvqulGXG5cP4euSN4z7KLTb7Dd0PYb9KJZMBMIr7geruycd8QicRpIw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-ratio="2" data-w="50" width="0.8em" data-type="png" _width="0.8em" src="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/oh75icS0hT7f2sz91DK14LshoG6FibzZcesvqulGXG5cP4euSN4z7KLTb7Dd0PYb9KJZMBMIr7geruycd8QicRpIw/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" data-fail="0" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: bottom; height: auto !important; width: 0.8em !important; visibility: visible !important;"></section><section class="" style="margin-top: -2px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 670px; font-size: 0px;"><section style="margin-right: -6px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 670px; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-top: -2px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例1】简捷、明畅、规范地行文,是公文写作的起码要求。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 状中词组“简捷、明畅、规范地行文”在整个句子中充当主语,其中的形容词“简捷”宜改成“简洁”。“简捷”义为直截了当和简便快捷;“简洁”指说话、行文等简明扼要,没有多余的东西。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例2】他以前是一个很钻研的一线技术工人,后来成为了一名高级工程师。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 程度副词一般用来修饰动词。此例中充当定语的状中词组“很钻研”宜修改为“刻苦钻研”。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> <span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 14px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">【例3】参加职工医疗互助的职工因病出院后,其符合条件的自负部分将按规定领取补助。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"> 根据语意,应当是“因病住院”而不应当是“因病出院”。另,主语“其”多余。此例最好用复句形式来表述,修改为:“参加医疗互助的职工因病住院,出院后对于符合条件的自负部分将按规定领取补助。”</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-align: justify;"> (本文刊于《秘书》杂志2017年第2期。)</p></section></section></section><p></p>
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