怎样写好公文
<p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">概括说就是抓住“四大要素”、做好“四大步骤”。“四大要素”，即公文的主旨、材料、结构、语言；“四大步骤”，即设计提纲<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">-</span>拟制标题<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">-</span>添加内容<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">-</span>精心修改。</span></p><p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">主<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"> <wbr></span></span> 旨</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">主旨即明确行文目的和要求、确立公文主题、选定公文文种，这里只说起草公文怎样体现领导意图：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">一是要完整地把握领导意图。平时要注意学习领会上级机关的有关指示精神，熟悉有关工作部署和要求，善于站在上级、领导和全局的角度观察问题、分析问题、思考问题。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">二是要创造性地体现领导意图。由于上级机关的指示精神有时是指导性、原则性的，加之领导在考虑成熟某个问题前，其意见想法有时还不连贯、不集中、不清晰，因此，起草公文时要善于把握领导意图的精神实质，进行必要的提炼、概括、完善、拓展、创新，做到融会贯通。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 26pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">三是要善于拾遗补缺。“拾遗补缺”是指在起草公文和整理领导讲话时，要完整准确地归纳整理领导意图。尤其是整理领导的即席讲话，有的没有明确的标题，有的只是要点，这类讲话往往有的是“半截子话”。这就需要整理者提炼标题，调整结构，补充内容，修正语句，规范口语，做到既不偏离领导讲话的主旨，又要“高于”领导即席讲话的“水平”，这才是写作者的高招。</span></p><p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">材<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"> <wbr></span></span> 料</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">丰富的素材是写好公文的第一要素，怎样掌握丰富的素材，概括起来就是“三多一注意”：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">一是多积累资料。积累资料有两种途径：一种是从工作和生活中收集“第一手资料”；另一种是从文件和有关材料中获取“第二手资料”。另外多读伟人传。从伟人传中认识伟人、领悟伟人的处事招术，从中得到启迪，提高观察问题、分析问题、处理问题和解决问题的能力。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">二是多看上级机关文件。从上级机关的文件中学习公文写作知识，熟悉公文写作规范，提高思维层次。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">三是多学本职业务知识。通过持之以恒的学习，不断丰富业务知识，熟练掌握有关标准制度。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">四是注意留心身边素材。参加集中学习、开会，日常工作交流，参与有关活动等，注意领导的讲话、同志的发言，注意电视、电台每天主要领导人讲话（提出什么、强调什么、要求什么）、党政机关颁布的一些政策、大型会议等提出的关键词，并进行对比分析和思考归纳。</span></p><p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">结<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"> <wbr></span></span> 构</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">公文的结构形式比较常用的有四种：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">一段式。通篇只有一段文字。内容比较单一的通告、请示、批复、函，结构形式往往是一段式。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">分段式。大多数公文采用分段式结构。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">分条式。一些规定、条例、章程等，往往采用分条式结构。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">章节式。一些内容丰富、篇幅较长的公文，往往采用章节式结构。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">具体文种结构不一，在这里不一一讲述。</span></p><p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">语<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"> <wbr></span></span> 言</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">公文语言的特点：准确、简练、严谨、庄重、生动。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="OLE_LINK2" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"></a><a name="OLE_LINK1" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 21px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">准确。所谓准确，是说公文在语言表达上完全符合客观实际，明确无误。</span></span></a></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">简炼。严格意义上的公文，其语言应简练到多一字不可，少一字也不可的程度。长而无物是写作大忌。能把一件小事写成“万言书”未必是真功夫，而把一件大事写成“千字文”、“百字文”才是真功夫。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">例文：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">A</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">：“寒冷的冬天就要到了，我们分公司还没有取暖电器，希望你们资产部尽量调拨给我们，好用来满足紧急需要。是不是可以，等待你们迅速答复。”</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">B</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">：“严冬在即，我分公司尚无取暖电器。请速调拨配给，以应急需。可否，盼复。”</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">A</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">和<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">B</span>两篇例文，谁更简练，一目了然。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">严谨。所谓严谨，指的是态度严肃，交代清楚，行文自然，结构严密。在写作时只有做到叙事周全，说理透彻，要求精当，用词选句贴切无误，才能使公文符合实际，合乎逻辑。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">庄重。所谓庄重，是指公文的语言端庄、持重、严肃。在公文中要使用严谨、庄重、简洁而又典雅的书面语体，摒弃口头语体。例如：《<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">中共中央</span></span></a></span>关于接收宋庆龄同志为<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">中国共产党</span></span></a></span>正式党员的<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">决定</span></span></a></span>》中写道：“宋庆龄同志是爱国主义、<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">民主</span></span></a></span>主义、国际主义和共产主义的伟大战士，是保卫世界和平事业的久经考验的先驱，是全体中国少年儿童慈爱的祖母……”，大家想想如果用口头语体表达，将书面语词“祖母”换成口语词“奶奶”，就会破坏公文的庄重色彩，大大削弱这一决定的严肃性。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">公文语言庄重的特点，还包括写作时必须经常使用公文专用语。这类专用语通常有：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的开头词：根据、据、近查、最近、自、自从、为、为了、由于、关于、按照、遵照、随着、现将、当前、目前；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的引叙词：前接、近接、现接、当经、前经、现经、并经、悉、敬悉、惊悉、近悉、喜悉、欣悉、特（现）通知（通报、批示、批复、报告）如下；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的称谓词：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">第一人称：我（本）办（、部、所、院、校、委、站．．．）</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">第二人称：你（贵）处（馆、委、处、办．．．）</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">第三人称：该单位（部门、系、院、所、局．．．）、他、他们；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">特指人称：收文单位直书其名，使用全称（与公章一致）；发文单位在公文标题中出现时，使用全称。同一公文中，对同一单位的称谓应保持上下文一致。一般情况下，第三人称第一次出现时使用全称，以后再出现时用“该单位”、“他们”等词代替。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的表态词：应、应当、似应、责成、同意、拟同意、拟不同意、准予备案、请即试行、遵照执行、即将下达、现予公布；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的询问词：妥否、是否妥当、是否可行、如无不当、如无不妥；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的综合词：为此、据此、综上所述、鉴此、总之、总而言之；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的表达目的词：批示、批复、示复、函复、函告、告知、周知、批转、下达、遵照办理、参照执行；</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">常用的结尾词：特此报告、现予公布、贯彻执行、将．．．报告给你们。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">生动。从某种程度上说，写公文比写文艺作品更需要生动。但公文语言的生动和文艺作品的生动有着本质的区别。公文语言的生动则主要借助于观点新颖和材料新颖来实现。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">例如：<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">周恩来</span></span></a></span>《在文艺工作座谈会和故事片创作会议上的<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">讲话</span></span></a></span>》指出：“我是主张先把本民族的东西搞通，吸收外国的东西要加以溶化，是化学的化合，不是物理的混和，不是把<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><a target="_self" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(107, 71, 36);"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">中国</span></span></a></span>的东西和外国的东西<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">'</span>焊接’在一起。”</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">该例通过对“溶化”、“化合”、“混合”、“焊接”等意义上有联系但又有区别的词语的辨正，形象地说明了“溶化”是这样的而不是那样的，使读者一目了然。</span></p><p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">设计提纲</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">写提纲，就是搭建公文构成中的“骨骼框架”，是公文作者思路要点的文字体现形式，写提纲好比“修房子”，只要把框架搭好，再砌砖和装饰就不难了。根据不同的时限和文种要求，公文写作提纲可分为三类：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">（<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">1</span>）粗纲，只简略标出公文的层次段落和各部分之间的大致关系。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">（<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">2</span>）细纲，除粗纲所标内容外，还要标出开头结尾、过渡照应、层次段落的安排与处理。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">（<span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">3</span>）粗细纲，就是两者的结合，将某些部分详细列明，有些部分只用简略语句加以概括。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">公文提纲写作步骤：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">一是确定主旨，即要反映的主要问题。这一步实际就是写主标题，是写好提纲的关键。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">二是全面罗列素材，从素材中精心归纳提炼各层次的标题。精心提炼标题，既可大题小做，也可小题大做。无论采取哪种方式，都要注意标题必须涵盖所要表达的内容。对标题的提炼，尽量采取“对称”和“排比”等写作手法，尽量使用短语，使其便于记忆。</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">三是细分写作层次。公文提纲越细，往往写作质量就越高。写作公文提纲时，尽置具体到一、二、三级标题以下各层次的内容，并对每一级标题下所要表述的内容都作相应的注明。</span></p><p align="center" style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-align: center;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">拟制标题</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">拟制标题常用的方法有以下几种：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span lang="EN-US" xml:lang="EN-US" style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">1</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt;">．紧扣工作，分块拟题。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">如今年的职代会报告的标题为：</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 32px; font-family: 方正仿宋简体; font-size: 16pt; background-color: white;">“狠抓制度落实，强化安全环保工作”</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 28pt; color: rgb(50, 62, 50); font-family: simsun; font-size: 14px; text-indent: 32pt;">**** Hidden Message *****</p><p></p> 很有启发。总结到位。感谢。 不错，总结到位，值得入门学习者阅读收藏 “狠抓制度落实，强化安全环保工作 非常渴求，如何把公文写好。 nikankankankankan kankankanknak 不错，总结到位，值得入门学习者阅读收藏 好文章，分享快乐，大家相互交流 很有启发。总结到位。感谢。 6666666666666666666666666666666666666666
页:
[1]
2