机关文字工作绝不是“舞文弄墨”
<p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 王国维关于事业学问三种境界的论说，淋漓尽致地刻画了探究学问、成就事业历程中的酸甜苦辣，启发人们按照正确的方向和路径为学做事。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">机关文字工作看起来是“舞文弄墨”，实质上是一个人或一个团队思想境界、业务水平、处事能力、文字功夫的综合反映，</span></strong><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">其水平的提升有内在规律可循，大抵要经过三重境界。</span></strong></span></p><section class="wx96Diy cur" data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-top-color: rgb(0, 128, 255); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; width: 556px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section class="96wx-bdbc" style="padding-right: 35px; padding-left: 5px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 128, 255);"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg); display: inline-block; float: left;"><section class="96wx-bdrc" style="max-width: 100%; width: 0px; height: 0px; border-right-width: 6px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(0, 128, 255); border-bottom-width: 3px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: transparent; float: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="96wx-bgc" style="margin-left: 1px; max-width: 100%; width: 23px; height: 6px; float: left; clear: none; color: rgb(255, 255, 238); box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(0, 128, 255);"></section></section><section style="margin-top: -0.7em; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; clear: none;"><section style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; color: rgb(0, 128, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;">第一重境界：以文叙事</span></strong></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 所谓“叙事”，就是记述事情。</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;">文字工作是为机关而不是为自身。领导立足全局、经验丰富，他们的意见最接近也最能代表单位的决策意图。秘书人员首先要做的就是认真记述领导的所思所想，这一阶段文字工作的主要特点是记录。工作时间不长的秘书人员常常会碰到这种情况，自己起草的材料，领导没有用也没有改，而是直接重写或交由他人重新起草，这说明领导认为这个材料改都没法改。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 碰到这种情况，秘书人员不可抱怨，也不必灰心，应当清醒地认识到自己的思想、工作水平尚处于“叙事”阶段。要甘当学徒，老老实实当好领导的书记员，身边经常带着纸笔，养成随手记录的习惯，努力把所见、所闻、所知形诸文字。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">当然，要真正做到以文叙事并不容易，除了准确记述领导的思想观点，还要按照基本的文法，理顺思路、锤炼文字、反复修改，使得整篇文章逻辑严密、语句通顺、文辞简练。</span></strong>这样坚持下去，就能基本胜任文字工作。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="wx96Diy cur" data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-top-color: rgb(0, 128, 255); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; width: 556px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section class="96wx-bdbc" style="padding-right: 35px; padding-left: 5px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 128, 255);"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg); display: inline-block; float: left;"><section class="96wx-bdrc" style="max-width: 100%; width: 0px; height: 0px; border-right-width: 6px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(0, 128, 255); border-bottom-width: 3px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: transparent; float: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="96wx-bgc" style="margin-left: 1px; max-width: 100%; width: 23px; height: 6px; float: left; clear: none; color: rgb(255, 255, 238); box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(0, 128, 255);"></section></section><section style="margin-top: -0.7em; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; clear: none;"><section style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; color: rgb(0, 128, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;">第二重境界：以文辅政</span></strong></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 以文辅政就是通过文字工作来辅助领导处理政务，这是对以文叙事境界的超越，也是一个优秀的秘书人员应当达到的境界。</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;">古时把公文材料叫作“公牍”，机关文字工作也就称作“治牍”。清末民初治牍名家许同莘在其著作《公牍学史》中，强调公牍系“临民治事之具”，揭示了公文与政事密不可分的关系。这一阶段文字工作的主要特点是“代言”，为领导当好参谋，为机关政务执笔，把决策层的意图清晰完整地表达出来，包括合情合理的发挥。这一阶段的通常情况是，领导不断向秘书人员交任务、压担子，秘书人员得到倚重，忙忙碌碌，加班熬夜成为家常便饭。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 如何做到以文辅政，许同莘借用唐代刘知几关于修史的观点，认为应当兼修学、识、才三长，“才以应物，学以树本，识以烛理”，三者不可缺其一，最终使得公牍“通德达情”。这个见解十分精当。文字水平一定程度上反映了对宏观政策的把握、对领导意图的领会、对基层情况的了解、对实际工作的指导水平。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">对于秘书人员来说，就是要树立为政务服务的理念，多学习、多思考、多调研，从而能够把握全局、熟悉业务、通达事理，最终运用文字把政务要求表达到位，发挥好参谋助手作用。</span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><iframe class="video_iframe" height="502.5" width="670" frameborder="0" data-src="https://v.qq.com/iframe/preview.html?vid=z019521j3iv&width=500&height=375&auto=0" allowfullscreen="" src="http://v.qq.com/iframe/player.html?vid=z019521j3iv&width=670&height=502.5&auto=0" scrolling="no" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; z-index: 1; overflow: hidden; box-sizing: border-box !important; width: 670px !important; height: 502.5px !important;"></iframe><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box !important;">（以上视频来自遴选考试预科班QQ群 542644674）</span></span></strong></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="wx96Diy cur" data-source="bj.96weixin.com" style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; border-width: 0px; border-style: none; border-top-color: rgb(0, 128, 255); line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section style="margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%; display: inline-block; width: 556px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section class="96wx-bdbc" style="padding-right: 35px; padding-left: 5px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(0, 128, 255);"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; transform: rotate(45deg); -webkit-transform: rotate(-45deg); display: inline-block; float: left;"><section class="96wx-bdrc" style="max-width: 100%; width: 0px; height: 0px; border-right-width: 6px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(0, 128, 255); border-bottom-width: 3px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: transparent; border-top-width: 3px; border-top-style: solid; border-top-color: transparent; float: left; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="96wx-bgc" style="margin-left: 1px; max-width: 100%; width: 23px; height: 6px; float: left; clear: none; color: rgb(255, 255, 238); box-sizing: border-box !important; background-color: rgb(0, 128, 255);"></section></section><section style="margin-top: -0.7em; margin-left: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; float: left; clear: none;"><section style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; color: rgb(0, 128, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important;">第三重境界：以文鼎新</span></strong></section></section></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 当以文叙事、以文辅政已经驾轻就熟时，以文鼎新就成为秘书人员更高的追求。<strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">这里的“鼎新”，指的是在服务于机关政务改革创新以及新思路、新举措等的论述上，有新的风格、新的气象。</span></strong></span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 革故鼎新需要深厚的理论素养和实践积累。</span></strong>机关文字工作者应该抓住各种时机学习充电，看更多的书、翻阅更多的资料，研究掌握政治学、经济学、社会学、管理学、哲学、法学等多方面知识，从工作理念、体制机制、方式方法等方面分析问题、研究问题、解决问题，谋划推进工作的创新发展。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.75em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 用书画来作比，以文叙事属于“描摹”，以文辅政好似“意临”，而以文鼎新则达到了“创作”的层面。</span></strong>在这一阶段，秘书人员堪称一个单位的“军师”，能够在一定程度上完善或影响领导的决策。能够达致以文鼎新境界的，是十分优秀的秘书人才。<span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">（文章摘自《</span><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 25.6000003814697px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">秘书工作》杂志2015年第12期及微信号“秘书工作”（mishugongzuo）。原题目《叙事•辅政•鼎新——浅议机关文字工作的三重境界》；作者：陆永）</span></p><p></p>
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