石子云 发表于 2014-6-8 14:06:07

跟贾陆英老师学《论语》八佾篇第16章(6月5日)

本帖最后由 石子云 于 2014-6-9 13:07 编辑 <br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; ">跟<st1:personname productid="贾陆英" w:st="on">贾陆英</st1:personname>老师学《论语》八佾篇第<span lang="EN-US">16</span>章</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><st1:chsdate year="2014" month="6" day="5" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">6</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">月<span lang="EN-US">5</span>日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">下午<span lang="EN-US">3</span>点<span lang="EN-US">30</span>分,《“论语”札记》作者贾陆英老师在老秘网“重温经典读书会”<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span>群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">49231471</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">里面,就《论语》八佾篇第<span lang="EN-US">16</span>章进行了讲解。上传讲座整理内容之前,先作两点说明:一是对于与讨论主题关联度不是很大的部分发言内容,作了删除处理;二是为方便阅读,对讨论内容作层次处理,调整了部分发言顺序。可能有删除和调整不当的地方,对此深表歉意,同时敬请看到的朋友跟帖指出来,以便及时改正,凡在帖后跟帖指出重大错误的朋友,一律给予5两纹银1处的奖励。本期讲座内容整理如下。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 36pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">一、原文释义<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">原文:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子曰:“射不主皮,为力不同科,古之道也。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">注释:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">射不主皮:皮,指箭靶。古时行射礼时,以是否射中为主,而不是以能否射穿靶子为主。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">同科:同等。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">译文:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子说:“比射箭,主要不是看能否射穿靶子,因为各人力气大小不同。这是古时候的规矩。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">二、以德为根<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">问:怎样理解“射不主皮”是“古之道也”?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">答:周朝有六艺教育,射是六艺之一。射<span lang="EN-US">,</span>分为军中的武射和演习礼乐的礼射,孔子在这里所说的就是礼射。《仪礼·乡射礼》上说,“礼射不主皮”,射以观德。射箭主要是看能不能射中靶心,而不是看能不能射穿靶子,这是因为人的力气各有不同。射箭的时候可以看出人的品行。做人做事也一样,以合不合道义为标准,而不是以各个人的成就大小为标准。这是因为人与人的能力有差别,所处的环境、机遇、条件也不尽相同。只要合于道义,不管最后结果怎么样,都是成功的。这样就对人对事少了很多苛求。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“射”产生于原始人类的狩猎活动之中,五帝时期“射”作为一种战争的手段被应用于战争之中,但是“射”不管作为狩猎的工具还是战争的手段,都要求其射中,即“主皮”。孔子为何说“射不主皮”?而且还说“这是古时候的规矩”?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“射”,到了西周时期已经演化为军中的武射和演习礼乐的礼射。礼射成为一种礼仪固定下来,以射观德,以求贤选能为目的而重在行礼。《论语》《孔子家语》中多次提到射礼,都是孔子当时所发的议论。面对春秋时期“礼坏乐崩”的局面,以孔子为代表的儒家知识分子倡导、呼吁重建西周初年的“礼乐”文明。称“射不主皮”为“古之道也”,就是告诫当时之人,礼射所重视的不是一个人的力量,而是一个人从射礼当中所反映出的道德修养。《礼记·射义》记载:“故明其节之志,以不失其事,则功成而德行立,德行立,则无暴乱之祸矣,功成则国安,故曰射者,所以观盛德也。”《礼记·中庸》中也有“射有似乎君子,失诸正鹄,反求诸己”的记载。可见,春秋时期射礼已转向注重人们的道德人格和仁德之心,成为儒家知识分子弘扬仁道,教化人心的工具。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">射礼,古时一种礼仪,在此文中,作为礼仪,按文中所述,只要礼数到位,不论大少即可。延伸到实际工作中,只能理解为对一个人的能力大少不必过分评判,只要按才使用,如果尽力了就行。到晚清时行跪叩礼一样,晚辈见长辈,下级见上级得行跪叩礼,不论形式如何,礼节到位了,表示对长辈与上级的尊重。而现在看来,传统礼数已慢慢淡化了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">明白了,用现在的话说,考察一个人要德才兼备,以德为先,能次之,最好两者都好,不具备,求次之,没有好的品德,你那把箭会射到不该谢的靶。用什么干部,用不用得好,关系党的千秋万业。毛主席说枪杆子里出政权,看枪掌握在谁手里。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“用现在的话说,考察一个人要德才兼备,以德为先。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——是的。“礼射不主皮”,射以观其德的文化传统,对于中华文化形成德才兼备、以德为先的人才评价标准和用人机制,具有重要影响,也是我们党的干部路线和干部政策的文化渊源。近年来,习近平总书记多次强调坚持德才兼备、以德为先用人标准的重要性和必要性。他说:“要坚持德才兼备、以德为先用人标准,坚持五湖四海、任人唯贤,切实把政治坚定、实绩突出、作风过硬、群众公认的干部选拔上来。”“什么样的人该用,什么样的人重用,都要把德放在首位,在这个前提下注重选拔那些确有才干、实绩突出的干部。干部德的标准应当包括干部的政治品德标准、职业道德标准、家庭美德标准和社会公德标准,把理想信念是否坚定,是否坚持执政为民,是否求真务实,是否坚持民主集中制,是否清正廉洁等列为评价要点。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">为什么选人用人要把德放在首位?因为德是根。人<span lang="EN-US">,</span>离开了德<span lang="EN-US">,</span>就失去了做人、做事、做官的根。“为政以德,修己安民”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>这是中华民族的优良道德传统<span lang="EN-US">,</span>也是治国兴邦历史经验的深刻总结。“德”<span lang="EN-US">,</span>实指人品,对于从政者来说,就是官德。官德是什么<span lang="EN-US">?</span>官德是一个领导干部的从政道德<span lang="EN-US">,</span>既包括思想政治品德方面的素养<span lang="EN-US">,</span>又包括作风等方面的表现<span lang="EN-US">,</span>综合反映的是当官从政者的从政德行。百行以德为首<span lang="EN-US">,</span>做官以德为根。人<span lang="EN-US">,</span>无德不可立世<span lang="EN-US">;</span>官<span lang="EN-US">,</span>无德难以从政。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这节延伸就是为官的用人、取贤之道啊!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">贾陆英:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“这节延伸就是为官的用人、取贤之道啊!”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">赞同。在今天<span lang="EN-US">,</span>提出用人上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德才兼备<span lang="EN-US">,</span>以德为先</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">的标准,意义重大。《求是理论网》张国玉先生的一篇博文是这样说的:<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是官之根,做官要以德为先。做官<span lang="EN-US">,</span>意味着权力、地位、名誉、威力、威望<span lang="EN-US">,</span>也彰显着权威、形象、才华、品位、资格。这些都是表象、现象、外表。能否做好官、从好政<span lang="EN-US">,</span>关键在心灵、在内心、在品质。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是廉之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>廉政要以德为先。松竹梅<span lang="EN-US">,</span>岁寒三友<span lang="EN-US">;</span>廉正清<span lang="EN-US">,</span>为官三要<span lang="EN-US">;</span>德勤绩<span lang="EN-US">,</span>从政三品<span lang="EN-US">;</span>名节泰山重<span lang="EN-US">,</span>正道是清廉。做官不廉、难以凝聚人心<span lang="EN-US">;</span>不勤、无以成就事业。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是才之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>聚才要以德为先。才<span lang="EN-US">,</span>指的是当官从政的才干、才智、才能、才力。才<span lang="EN-US">,</span>说到底是干事业的方略、方法、水平、能力<span lang="EN-US">,</span>也是驾驭市场的能力、科学决策的能力、谋略的能力、统领一切的能力<span lang="EN-US">,</span>统筹全局的能力<span lang="EN-US">,</span>一句话<span lang="EN-US">,</span>就是执政的能力。不过<span lang="EN-US">,</span>才的根是德。作为一个领导干部<span lang="EN-US">,</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">决定着自身的品质、形象、威信<span lang="EN-US">,</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">才</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">决定着自身的智慧、本领、策略。才与德相比<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是基础<span lang="EN-US">,</span>才是条件<span lang="EN-US">;</span>德是核心<span lang="EN-US">,</span>才是关键<span lang="EN-US">;</span>德是本质<span lang="EN-US">,</span>才是属性。德者、才之帅也<span lang="EN-US">;</span>才者、德之资也<span lang="EN-US">;</span>才靠德来统帅<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是才的灵魂<span lang="EN-US">;</span>服人者<span lang="EN-US">,</span>以德服为上、以才服为中、以力服为下。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>德是诚之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>诚信要以德为先。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">&nbsp;“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">人而无信<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不知其可也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。在古圣贤中<span lang="EN-US">,</span>屈原独立不迁<span lang="EN-US">,</span>徒倚汩罗<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是对国家的诚信<span lang="EN-US">;</span>岳飞赤胆忠心、精忠报国<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是对民族的诚信<span lang="EN-US">;</span>司马迁忍辱负重、绝唱史家<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是对历史的诚信。孟子提出<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">诚者<span lang="EN-US">,</span>天之道也<span lang="EN-US">;</span>思诚者<span lang="EN-US">,</span>人之道也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">诚</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">定义为自然界和人类社会的最高道德范畴。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>德是智之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>智慧要以德为先。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">智者<span lang="EN-US">,</span>知也<span lang="EN-US">,</span>独见前闻<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不惑于事<span lang="EN-US">,</span>见微知著也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。智慧<span lang="EN-US">,</span>孕育着潜力、承载着实力、彰显着魅力。孙子说</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">上兵伐谋</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">管子说</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">必先争谋</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子说</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">好谋而成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。在这里<span lang="EN-US">,</span>讲的是谋<span lang="EN-US">,</span>指的是智。智<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是知识的体现<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是文明的结晶<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是理性的生成。高尚的、纯洁的、纯正的智从那里来<span lang="EN-US">?</span>来源于学习、实践、总结、感悟、以及对德的升华。领导干部自身智的成长、积累、正确运用<span lang="EN-US">,</span>在于道德修养提高的程度。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是俭之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>俭朴要以德为先。古人曰<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">成由俭<span lang="EN-US">,</span>败于奢</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这是一条深刻的历史经验、是颠覆不破的真理、是兴国安邦的守则、是反腐倡廉的利剑、是道德品质的精华、是共产党人立身之本。俭之根来于何处<span lang="EN-US">?</span>它脱胎于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。《左传》有云<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">俭<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德之共也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。俭出于德<span lang="EN-US">,</span>以俭做人<span lang="EN-US">,</span>修身养性<span lang="EN-US">,</span>增进道德<span lang="EN-US">,</span>成就事业<span lang="EN-US">,</span>其益之大<span lang="EN-US">,</span>足可为立身做人之准则。由德生俭<span lang="EN-US">,</span>俭就是一种美德<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是成事之基<span lang="EN-US">,</span>立业之本<span lang="EN-US">,</span>取胜之道<span lang="EN-US">,</span>传家之宝。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是善之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>善心要以德为先。中华民族自古以来就有乐善好施的优良传统。我们的祖先对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">善</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">字的价值判断曾有三个要点<span lang="EN-US">:</span>一是把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">善</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">作为大。孟子说<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">君子莫大乎与人为善</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。二是把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">善</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">看作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">宝</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。孔子说<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">维善为宝</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。三是把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">善</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">看作乐。宋人罗大经说<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">为善最乐</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。善为至宝<span lang="EN-US">,</span>一生用之不尽<span lang="EN-US">;</span>心作良田<span lang="EN-US">,</span>百世耕之有余。人有了善良之心<span lang="EN-US">,</span>就能以一种平和的心态对待世间的人和事<span lang="EN-US">,</span>就会发自内心珍爱世间万物。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是容之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>宽容要以德为先。容<span lang="EN-US">,</span>指的是胸襟、胸怀、气量、大度、也就是宽容。天空收容每一片云彩<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不论云彩美丽与丑陋<span lang="EN-US">,</span>所以天空才能广阔无比<span lang="EN-US">;</span>高山收容每一块岩石<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不论岩石巨大或渺小<span lang="EN-US">,</span>所以高山才能雄伟壮观<span lang="EN-US">;</span>大海收容每一朵浪花<span lang="EN-US">,</span>不论浪花清澈或浑浊<span lang="EN-US">,</span>所以大海才能浩瀚无比。德的属性是党性<span lang="EN-US">,</span>以德为根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德方能绽放出党性与宽容相结合的光芒。宽容是一种境界、一种修养、一种品质<span lang="EN-US">,</span>更是一种美德。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是正之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>正政要以德为先。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">正者<span lang="EN-US">,</span>合乎法则也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">正</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">就是不偏不倚<span lang="EN-US">,</span>端庄正派。具体讲<span lang="EN-US">,</span>就是孔子在《论语》中所说的<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">政者<span lang="EN-US">,</span>正也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。意思是从政要做到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">正</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。由此可见<span lang="EN-US">,</span>当官从政要做到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">正</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">要讲正直、正派、正品、正道、正气。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">正为政之本</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">行政者当行正也</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。领导干部的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">正</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这是一个政治方向问题<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是一种高尚的道德修养<span lang="EN-US">,</span>一种崇高的党性立场。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是实之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>务实要以德为先。实、指求实、求真、务实、实干、扎实、诚实、抓落实。实与虚是对应的<span lang="EN-US">,</span>强调</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">实</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">体现着尊重规律、求实<span lang="EN-US">,</span>工作扎实、讲话朴素、办事老实、对人真实。实<span lang="EN-US">,</span>要体现在工作<span lang="EN-US">,</span>实践<span lang="EN-US">,</span>抓落实中<span lang="EN-US">,</span>这就是衡量领导干部为人民服务的标尺<span lang="EN-US">,</span>也是衡量社会文明程度的一个标准。能否做到实<span lang="EN-US">,</span>说到底取决于领导干部的道德观,它属于德的范畴<span lang="EN-US">,</span>也属于德的内涵。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">乃群:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">通过做事看一个人,更多注重做事的过程,看他是不是尽心、尽力,虽然可能不成大器,但只要发挥了自身才能,对个人来讲就是成功,对岗位来讲就是尽职。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德者、才之帅也——德是才的统帅。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">红豆醒来</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“德是官之根,德是廉之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是才之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是诚之根,德是智之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是俭之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是善之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是容之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是正之根<span lang="EN-US">,</span>德是实之根。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——总结得多到位啊!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">三、德治之“软”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">&nbsp;</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德我看是掌握在官员这柄权力之剑上的正义之光,没有这层正义之光,会伤人,会伤好人。为什么强调德为先,如果权力掌握在无德之人手中,会给社会造成很大的伤害。相反,掌握在有德之人手中,会造福社会。中国几千年的政体,有一点相同,权力的集中。正因为权力的双面性,中国几千年都强调官德,现在还没有一种制度能完全杜绝权力之害,只能说最大可能杜绝,最大程度降低无德之人用权之害。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“权力之剑上的正义之光,没有这层正义之光,会伤人。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">古今中外的历史都反复证明,没有德的人,才能越大,可能危害也越大。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">无心随风</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">无德之人掌权,在制度的笼子里用权,会有什么危害?我一直认为德政礼治高于法治,可德治是有基础的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“无德之人掌权,在制度的笼子里用权,会有什么危害?”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">制度是重要的,但不是万能的,好制度加上人的好品德,才是最佳的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">风暴:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">法治都还不行,还想德治?德治只是一厢情愿而已,我们应该用法制去牵制权力,而不是妄想用德规范官员。又有哪种德可以减少权力之害呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">对于权与德的问题,也是当今争论的焦点</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">乃群:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子这番话,主要是教会我们观察评价一个人德行的方法,但实现中,需要能人来做事、成事,但有些能人德行很差,用什么办法才能用好这类德差才高的人呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">候鸟:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">用制度来监督制约官员,德只是辅助。只要人类有欲望存在,有私欲存在,以德为主是不行的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">无心随风:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">现在诸多的贪官有德还是无德?犯事之前的<span lang="EN-US">N</span>多年里,为什么总能通过考核?是在事发的时候才失德的吗?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">红豆醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这个问题很犀利,也很让人困惑。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">无心随风:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德无法量化,易为别有用心之人所利用。执政使用的是权力。以前搞人事工作,也常讲德能勤绩,所有各式考核办法,道德始终无法具体考核。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德无法量化,但德却是社会平衡器,隐形却很有力量。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“德无法量化,易为别有用心之人所利用。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">如何考德,的确需要在实践中探讨总结。有一条是肯定的:群众的评价是重要的标准之一,这一点,在干部评价机制中已不断加以强化。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">渔海樵山:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">民主是对德好的评价方法。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">求觉迷者:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">既然德无法量化,何谈对干部作用和评价德为先。为力不同科,选拔制中就是一种不平等了,倒是对德的歧视不是。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">四、法治为底<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">&nbsp;</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德与制度是软硬两手,德为软性约束,制度为硬性约束。德约束心,制度约束行。德与制度是相辅相成的,就像国家有法律,还要有主流价值,主流价值就是道德。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">风暴:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这个我赞同!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">红豆醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我听过一个说法,说法律是内衣内裤,道德是外衣外裤。意思是说,我们不能没有内衣裤,但要想体面尊荣,还不能缺少外衣裤。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——这个是从个人修养层面来看的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">豆姐比喻好啊!把两者相统一的关系都出来了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">红豆醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">也是学来的。没有了法律的约束,就相当于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">裸奔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">;法律是属于道德的底线,不可逾越的底线。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我也觉得是,法律是底线,道德是无上限,修养越高,越有素质!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">风暴:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德治离我们太远,我们还是想想怎么才能用“法治”管理好我们的国家吧。如果我们整天想着共产主义,却不顾现实,人们还怎么生活呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">红豆醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“德治离我们太远,我们还是想想怎么才能用“法治”管理好我们的国家吧。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——法制也是道德范畴内啊,是道德的底线。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">小小的确幸</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我想起了一个故事,在镜花缘里面的。一个县官在审理完一个案子过后,就去自罚</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">了。因为自己拿了公家的一件东西,违法了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">云淡风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">同样的法律在不同的道德观人身上执行会有差异。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">慎独,自省自刑,多么难得啊!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">阿</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">Q&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">就是,不可能都靠公序良俗来约束吧,所以法制很重要。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">掌握权力的大小与德行的高低,对施政的效果成正比。道德观左右人生观,人生观主宰行为准则。当道德观不适宜社会需要时,就得用法律来约束,反过来,制定法律与执行法律又有差别。现在我国的法律很多,但真正执行到位的不多<span lang="EN-US">,</span>特别在争法律空子的却比较多。这主要是法制还不完善。对官员而言监督不到位,有的甚至是空白。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">红豆醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">想来也是让有德的执政者头疼不已的问题。关键是这种无德失德很隐蔽,也很帮派,一查一纠,便会千头万绪、拔出萝卜带出泥,以至于难以查处难以警示。如此看来,当朝的执政者还是很不容易的,能做到这个份上。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">法律还没有面面俱到,所以给有心人可趁之机,钻了法律的空子了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">财务制度法可依,但人事制度是领导说了算,财务人员能公开反对领导吗?这主要是我国人治高于法治的结果,而人治与德与关。这就不一而论了。人大本来是起监督作用的,但人大领导都是党政领导定的,你能监督谁呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">贝壳里的海滩:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">要自觉的提高自身的修养,靠监督是不可行的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">求觉迷者:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德为“正确导向”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">还是回到德才兼备,以德为先的干部标准上来。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">红豆醒来:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德才兼备,以德为先的干部评价标准,我们绝大多数都是赞同的。我们只是希望探讨下如何能切实的做到“以德为先”来评价!<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">真正能做到德才兼备说的容易,做起来却很难。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">渔海樵山:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德看似抽象,存在人心中。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“德看似抽象,存在人心中。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——是的。“德”是个人的“立身”之本,也是国家的“立国”之基。中华文化历来认为,人生在世应当“立德、立功、立言”,立德是第一位的。中华文化还把“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”紧密地联系在一起,说明道德修养特别是为政者的道德修养,是直接关乎社会进步和国家安全的大事。德才兼备、以德为先的标准,既强调了德与才缺一不可,又突出了德的主导作用,强调选人用人要坚持以德为前提、以德为基础、以德为先决条件。干部一旦失去“德”,就失去了被提拔重用的基本资格。大家一定要深刻领会,并以此作为自己成长进步的正确导向。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">无心随风:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我们可以修身修德,可以独善吾身,但不能强求人人道德高尚,正如孔子所说:礼射不主皮,为力不同科,古之道也。道德是个人修养,德才兼备谓之圣人。</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">权力关进制度笼子,制度笼子就是法治,不管领导者如何,只有在笼子内用权办事就行了,何必非要强逼他是圣人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">射礼轻重不重要,重要的是是否中的。就像邓爷爷说的不论白猫黑猫,能抓住老鼠的猫就都是好猫。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“我们可以修身修德,可以独善吾身,但不能强求人人道德高尚,正如孔子所说:礼射不主皮,为力不同科,古之道也。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 23.85pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——这里的力不同科,指的人才,而非德,你理解错了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">讲德不是讲圣人,这是两种概念,我们凡人也有德啊!如,学雷峰,不要把德看得高不可攀,其实是就是社会基本价值,讲德不代表就是人治,西方国家就设立有关官员的道德品质之类监督机构。人治,具有随意性,法治具有规范性,首先要厘清概念,这应该就是人治与法治的区别。就象决策,拍板,这都都要人来定夺,法治只能保证程序到位,判断还是需要人来做,不要混淆概念,其实在封建社会,也是有一套规矩的,皇帝有时决策也不是很随意的,当然,他也是破坏规矩之人。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">求觉迷者:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德欲使自律代替他律,社会自然和谐,他律中就有强迫,就有弊病,就滋生fubai,只是德的标准由政者定。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">人治的好坏与道德修养相关联,那是法治为主,如果都依法办事,就不存在讲究人治了。而我国现在不可能达到高度法治的地步,所以,在人治的环境下,对人的道德观很重要。就象射礼一样,它是一种礼仪形式,轻重与否决定一个人的能力大小。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子的这段话,意思只要达到目标了,不要在乎程度和外在,礼到了,不必在于礼之外的东西。可以引申为,我做到了,但不能做过头了。任何一种社会都有瑕疵,关键是看谁占上风。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 35.8pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">五、德法并行<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.85pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.85pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">美国的西点军校号召学雷锋,美国各州建立了许多孔子学院,大家想想为什么?也是强调德的重要性。千万不要以为有了法制,就万事大吉了。一定要坚持德治与法治相结合这一基本的治国方略。当前,为什么要对干部的德提出更高的标准和更严的要求呢?<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>一是在世界上不同力量之间的政治、经济和思想文化竞争日益激烈的形势下,确有少数干部在西方价值观念影响下,对中国特色社会主义信念发生动摇。要坚持和发展中国特色社会主义事业,保证我们党不走改旗易帜的路,必须对干部加强理想信念教育,提高思想鉴别力,增强政治坚定性。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>二是在我国改革发展进入更深层次,各种矛盾日益凸现的形势下,一些地方发生的大规模群体性事件、重大生产安全事故、食品安全事故,大都与少数干部为人民服务的意识淡漠、缺乏责任心有关。实现科学发展、和谐发展,不仅要求干部提高破解发展难题的本领,而且要求干部牢固树立正确的政绩观,坚持以人为本、发展为民的价值导向。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>三是在长期执政和发展市场经济的形势下,一方面,我国经济社会发展有了强大活力;另一方面,那些消极腐朽的东西也滋生蔓延起来,少数干部经不住形形色色的诱惑,放松党性修养,降低品德操守,甚至走上fubai堕落之路,严重损害了党的形象。因此,越是长期执政,越是改革开放,越是要求干部有更严格的道德操守。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>四是广大人民群众对干部的品德有更高的要求和期待。现在干部出问题,多数不是出在“才”上,而是出在“德”上。人民群众对干部的意见,主要集中在“德”上。我们要密切与人民群众的血肉联系,必须坚持德才兼备、以德为先的用人导向,用人民群众拥护的人。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">在当前新形势下,干部的德主要体现在哪些方面呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">一是有坚定的理想信念,这样才能在任何时候、任何环境中,都站在党和人民的立场上想问题、办事情。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>二是坚持执政为民,这样才能真正做到为民用权、为民谋利、为民守责。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>三是作风清正廉洁,这样才能堂堂正正做人,干干净净干事,得到群众拥护。<span lang="EN-US"><br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>我国古代思想家都强调为官从政要以修身为本、正己为先。要成为一名合格的国家公务员,就应当有自觉高尚的道德追求,养成良好的职业操守,敬业奉献,全心全意地服务于国家、社会和人民。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><st1:chsdate year="2013" month="2" day="23" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">2013</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">年<span lang="EN-US">2</span>月<span lang="EN-US">23</span>日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">,习近平同志在中央政治局第四次集体学习时指出:“要坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合,把法治建设和道德建设紧密结合起来,把他律和自律紧密结合起来,做到法治和德治相辅相成、相互促进。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 24pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——请大家以习总书记这段话为依据,统一思想认识。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">维护良好的社会秩序,形成和谐的人际关系,要靠法制,也要靠教育来提高全体公民的道德品行和文化素质。无限夸大法律惩处的作用而贬低德治的作用,或者无限夸大道德教化的作用而贬低法治的作用,都是要不得的。德治与法治相辅相成,缺一不可,忽视其中任何一个方面,都不可能达到使国家长治久安的目的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">人间词话:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我这样理解行不,依法治国就是设立一个笼子,但笼子有漏洞,就要靠德治去弥补。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">求觉迷者:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">掉过来呢,德是笼子,不足的用法治来约束。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">渔海樵山:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德等同于良心?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">有时也不能全怪领导,比如,一个单位领导平时不怎么样,甚至有损形象,但真的到考核时,大家如果不是有敌意的话,都会做老好人。这也是自已心中道德观念淡薄。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">饿呆饱困:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是自律,法是他律。外部的、被动的约束总会让人想办法摆脱,内在的、自发的意识让人竭力去维护。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.85pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“德是自律,法是他律。外部的、被动的约束总会让人想办法摆脱,内在的、自发的意识让人竭力去维护。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.85pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我同意这样的理解。因此,必须把自律与他律,德治与法治辩证地统一起来,二者不可偏废。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">饿呆饱困:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">为就是要学会自重自爱,把自己的品德当做美玉一样来呵护。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">但现实是讲自律的地方礼崩乐坏,重他律的过度秩序井然,这个怎么破呢?<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">现实有多大成分,是全部都是这样,还是一部分,是大部分还是小部分。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">就我所看到的,是大部分。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">那中国早乱了,我们要承认有,也许还相当严重,如果成大部分了,那就量变到质变了。中国没乱,说明法越来越重要,也越来越发挥出其效果。感性判断,代替不了理性分析<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">国外看新加坡,国内看文革十年,中国没乱,说明法越来越重要,也越来越发挥出其效果,而你说什么现实什么什么的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">文革是过去式,在探索发展过程中,谁没有出过问题。这是正常的啊!看看习总的有关改革前后的论述就很客观,就象你走路一样,你在向罗马进发的过程中,中间摔了一跤,你认为是路错了,还是走路没长眼,客观分析,看主流趋势。本身就是相统一的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">田万里:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">应该先学法,再修德,尤其是公务员。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">人间词话:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">修德应该从小到大,无时无刻都在修德<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">当道德观念不能约束人的行为时,过硬的法律制度就得发挥真正作用,如果二者都不能约束人的行为,那暴风雨就要来了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">饿呆饱困:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">修齐治平,最基础的最重要的也就是个人的修身了,应是二者相辅相成,缺一不可吧,好像精神文明与物质文明的关系。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">求觉迷者:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德是否一定与政相关?一名干部是否有德就可用。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">向阳花</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">德治和法治明明是统一的,干嘛要分开看,还要比较谁更重要了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">云谈风请:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">目前是人民的道德观念因唯金钱论而淡化,完善的法律却又难以执行到位。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">田万里:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">还是有区分,法制注重理论推导,德化注重传承。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">无心随风:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我感觉不要把修身和执政混为一谈,这是两种行为。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贾老的观点我赞同,我们不能切割两个观点来谈,都没错,结合起来更好。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">7</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">°</span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">晴:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">听说过一个村子的故事:这个村从来没出过小偷,有一天出了一个,村长依村法处置了这个小偷,也要求退还赃物,也要求赔偿损失,然后在广播上天天广播,不久,这个小偷呆不下去了,自己离开了,现在这个村子依旧可以夜不闭户,路不拾遗。法治是退还赃物,经济赔偿,德治是广播,如果事情悄无声息的过去,估计小偷会愈来愈多。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.95pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“维护良好的社会秩序,形成和谐的人际关系,要靠法制,也要靠教育来提高全体公民的道德品行和文化素质。无限夸大法律惩处的作用而贬低德治的作用,或者无限夸大道德教化的作用而贬低法治的作用,都是要不得的。德治与法治相辅相成,缺一不可,忽视其中任何一个方面,都不可能达到使国家长治久安的目的。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.85pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——中正平和之论。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 16pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体; ">六、下讲预告<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 16pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">3•17</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">原文</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">:</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子贡欲去告朔之饩羊。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子曰:“赐也,尔爱其羊,我爱其礼。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">注释:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">告朔之饩羊:朔,农历每月的初一。饩(音<span lang="EN-US">xi</span>,戏)羊,杀而不烹的生羊。周礼,天子在每年冬十二月,向诸侯颁发第二年的历书,告知每个月的初一日。诸侯接受后,将历书藏于祖庙。到每月初一,杀一只羊祭于祖庙,并向百姓颁告。这就叫告朔。到子贡的时候,<st1:personname productid="鲁国国" w:st="on">鲁国国</st1:personname>君不再亲临祖庙,告朔之礼已废而不行。但每到初一还杀一只羊供奉祖庙。子贡认为这样徒具形式,不如连羊也不杀。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱:爱惜的意思。</span><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; "><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">译文:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子贡想要免去每月初一告祭祖庙用的那只羊。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子说:“赐呀,你爱惜那只羊,我却是爱惜那种礼呀。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">3•18&nbsp;</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体; ">:</span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">原文:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子曰:“事君尽礼,人以为谄也。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.8pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">译文:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子说:“完全按照礼的规定来侍奉君主,世人反而认为这是谄媚。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; ">&nbsp;</span></p><p></p>

老猫 发表于 2014-6-8 15:49:18

贾老正在重温经典读书会QQ群开课,在线的朋友快来参与。

贾陆英 发表于 2014-6-8 17:14:22

学《论语》的课,调整为每周四、周日下午的三点半。欢迎大家踊跃参加,积极发表意见。

石子云 发表于 2014-6-9 13:04:42

醒来好同志,发现讲座整理的错误,现已调整了,发现错误的,在贴下留言有奖哈。

湘西秘书醒来 发表于 2014-6-9 13:21:18

石子云整理得辛苦,红豆提的纰漏之处也一一改过来了,真是“知错就改,孺子可教”也,哈哈,精神可嘉,学习了!
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查看完整版本: 跟贾陆英老师学《论语》八佾篇第16章(6月5日)