析学《弟子规》 之一：我对《弟子规》的认识
<h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: white;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr>写在前面的话：今年初，拜访一位老领导，他家的挂历以图文并茂的方式释解《弟子规》，这引起我的深厚兴趣。从看到这幅挂历的那一天起，我就想认识学析一下《弟子规》。从今天起，按照它的先后顺序进行学析。</span></h3><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: white;"> <wbr> <wbr> 《弟子规》原名《训蒙文》，原作者李毓秀是清朝康熙年间的秀才。以《论语》“学而篇”弟子入则孝，出则悌，谨而信，泛爱众，而亲仁，行有余力，则以学文为中心。分为五个部分，具体列述弟子在家、出外、待人、接物与学习上应该恪守的守则规范。后来清朝贾存仁修订改编《训蒙文》，并改名《弟子规》，是启蒙养正，教育子弟敦伦尽份防邪存诚，养成忠厚家风、教育孺子的最佳读物。</span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: white;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"> <wbr> <wbr> <strong><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">“弟子”的意思有两个：一是指孩子；一是指学生；“规”就是规范。《弟子规》这本书，影响之大，读诵之广，仅次于《三字经》。“弟子”是指一切圣贤人的弟子，“规”拆字为“夫见”。意思是大丈夫的见解。所以是每个人，每一个学习圣贤经典，效仿圣贤的人都应该学的。《弟子规》没做到，学习别的经典就很难得到真智慧。《弟子规》共360句（1080字），概述简介，以精练的语言对儿童进行早期启蒙教育，灌输儒家文化的精髓。</font></strong></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: white;"><strong><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr></font></strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: white;"><strong><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> 我学析《弟子规》并不是要求自己照着《弟子规》所说的那样去做，而是要真正了解一下《弟子规》中中华文化的精髓所在。中华文化学到精髓之处的并不是我们中国人本身，而是日本人和韩国人，很多日本人和韩国人他们既学到了中国文化的真经，又将西方文化融入其中。这的确是我们中国人应当学习的。我们学习老祖宗的文化，不能照抄照搬，我们学习西方文化也不能照抄照搬，应当与时俱进地学习。我们不能因为改革开放了就把自己的老祖宗给丢了，老祖宗给我们留下很多宝贵的精神财富。只有古为今用，洋为中用，我们的社会才能发展进步。大略看一下《弟子规》，很多礼节需要我们发扬光大，而也有不少礼节需要我们扬弃。这就是我对它的粗浅认识，容我在今后业余时间慢慢学习。</font></strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> <wbr></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> <wbr></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> <wbr></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><strong><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;">全文如下：</font></strong></span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr></font> <wbr> <wbr></span></span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; background-color: white;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> 总 叙</span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 弟子规 圣人训 首孝悌 次谨信 泛爱众 而亲仁 有余力 则学文</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_2" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">入 则 孝</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 父母呼 应勿缓 父母命 行勿懒 父母教 须敬听 父母责 须顺承</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 冬则温 夏则凊 晨则省 昏则定 出必告 反必面 居有常 业无变</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 事虽小 勿擅为 苟擅为 子道亏 物虽小 勿私藏 苟私藏 亲心伤</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 亲所好 力为具 亲所恶 谨为去 身有伤 贻亲忧 德有伤 贻亲羞</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 亲爱我 孝何难 亲恶我 孝方贤 亲有过 谏使更 怡吾色 柔吾声</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 谏不入 悦复谏 号泣随 挞无怨 亲有疾 药先尝 昼夜侍 不离床</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 丧三年 常悲咽 居处变 酒肉绝 丧尽礼 祭尽诚 事死者 如事生</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_3" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">出 则 悌</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 兄道友 弟道恭 兄弟睦 孝在中 财物轻 怨何生 言语忍 忿自泯</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 或饮食 或坐走 长者先 幼者后 长呼人 即代叫 人不在 己即到</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 称尊长 勿呼名 对尊长 勿见能 路遇长 疾趋揖 长无言 退恭立</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 骑下马 乘下车 过犹待 百步余 长者立 幼勿坐 长者坐 命乃坐</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 尊长前 声要低 低不闻 却非宜 进必趋 退必迟 问起对 视勿移</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 事诸父 如事父 事诸兄 如事兄</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_4" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">谨</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 朝起早 夜眠迟 老易至 惜此时 晨必盥 兼漱口 便溺回 辄净手</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 冠必正 纽必结 袜与履 俱紧切 置冠服 有定位 勿乱顿 致污秽</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 衣贵洁 不贵华 上循分 下称家 对饮食 勿拣择 食适可 勿过则</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 年方少 勿饮酒 饮酒醉 最为丑 步从容 立端正 揖深圆 拜恭敬</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 勿践阈 勿跛倚 勿箕踞 勿摇髀 缓揭帘 勿有声 宽转弯 勿触棱</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 执虚器 如执盈 入虚室 如有人 事勿忙 忙多错 勿畏难 勿轻略</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 斗闹场 绝勿近 邪僻事 绝勿问 将入门 问孰存 将上堂 声必扬</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 人问谁 对以名 吾与我 不分明 用人物 须明求 倘不问 即为偷</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 借人物 及时还 后有急 借不难</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_5" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">信</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 凡出言 信为先 诈与妄 奚可焉 话说多 不如少 惟其是 勿佞巧</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 奸巧语 秽污词 市井气 切戒之 见未真 勿轻言 知未的 勿轻传</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 事非宜 勿轻诺 苟轻诺 进退错 凡道字 重且舒 勿急疾 勿模糊</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 彼说长 此说短 不关己 莫闲管 见人善 即思齐 纵去远 以渐跻</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 见人恶 即内省 有则改 无加警 唯德学 唯才艺 不如人 当自砺</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 若衣服 若饮食 不如人 勿生戚 闻过怒 闻誉乐 损友来 益友却</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 闻誉恐 闻过欣 直谅士 渐相亲 无心非 名为错 有心非 名为恶</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 过能改 归于无 倘掩饰 增一辜</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_6" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">泛 爱 众</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 凡是人 皆须爱 天同覆 地同载 行高者 名自高 人所重 非貌高</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 才大者 望自大 人所服 非言大 己有能 勿自私 人所能 勿轻訾</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 勿谄富 勿骄贫 勿厌故 勿喜新 人不闲 勿事搅 人不安 勿话扰</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 人有短 切莫揭 人有私 切莫说 道人善 即是善 人知之 愈思勉</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 扬人恶 即是恶 疾之甚 祸且作 善相劝 德皆建 过不规 道两亏</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 凡取与 贵分晓 与宜多 取宜少 将加人 先问己 己不欲 即速已</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 恩欲报 怨欲忘 报怨短 报恩长 待婢仆 身贵端 虽贵端 慈而宽</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 势服人 心不然 理服人 方无言</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_7" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">亲 仁</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 同是人 类不齐 流俗众 仁者希 果仁者 人多畏 言不讳 色不媚</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 能亲仁 无限好 德日进 过日少 不亲仁 无限害 小人进 百事坏</span></p><h3 style="border: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a name="2_8" style="text-decoration: underline; color: rgb(78, 121, 83);"></a><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal;">余 力 学 文</span></span></h3><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 不力行 但学文 长浮华 成何人 但力行 不学文 任己见 昧理真</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 读书法 有三到 心眼口 信皆要 方读此 勿慕彼 此未终 彼勿起</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 宽为限 紧用功 工夫到 滞塞通 心有疑 随札记 就人问 求确义</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 房室清 墙壁净 几案洁 笔砚正 墨磨偏 心不端 字不敬 心先病</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 列典籍 有定处 读看毕 还原处 虽有急 卷束齐 有缺坏 就补之</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> 非圣书 屏勿视 蔽聪明 坏心志 勿自暴 勿自弃 圣与贤 可驯致</span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun;"><span style="background-color: white;"> <wbr> <wbr> <wbr> <font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 24px; font-size: 16px;"><strong>从今天起只要有时间就分章节进行学析。</strong></font></span></p><p></p>
页:
[1]