中国的责任与贡献
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 16pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国的责任与贡献</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt" lang="EN-US"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt" class="MsoNormal" align="center"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">张学梅</span></p>
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<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2009</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US">7</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">日~</span><span lang="EN-US">18</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">日联合国气候变化大会在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开,</span><span lang="EN-US">85</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">个国家元首或政府首脑、</span><span lang="EN-US">192</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">个国家的环境部长出席会议,就未来应对气候变化的全球行动进行新一轮的研究商讨,努力寻求共识,签署新的《哥本哈根议定书》以代替</span><span lang="EN-US">2012</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年到期的《京都议定书》。这毫无疑问,将对地球今后的气候变化走向起着决定性的影响。作为《联合国气候变化框架公约》及《京都议定书》的缔约方,中国一向致力于推动公约和议定书的实施,认真履行相关义务,为推动和应对全球气候变化做出了突出贡献。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国对环境保护和应对气候变化的突出贡献</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">当今世界全球气候变暖、生物多样性减少、臭氧层破坏、区域性生态环境恶化,给人类生产生活带来了重大影响。面对这种形势,中国政府高度重视,从科学和社会发展等多方面认识到了气候变化的巨大影响,进行着积极的应对,并取得举世瞩目的成就。长期以来,西方舆论始终“聚焦”中国的二氧化碳排放总量,但有关数据表明</span><span lang="EN-US">:</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国人均二氧化碳排放不足发达国家平均水平的</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">/</span><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">、</span><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">/</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,甚至更少,中国的排放大部分仍然是必需的“生存排放”,而且中国政府在致力于节能减排上不懈努力,截至</span><span lang="EN-US">2008</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年底,我国风电发电量</span><span lang="EN-US">128</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">亿度,比上年增加</span><span lang="EN-US">126.79%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,中国已跃居世界第二大风能市场</span><span lang="EN-US">;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国还是世界上最大的太阳能光伏设备制造国,太阳能发电能力达到</span><span lang="EN-US">1.lGW</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,占全球太阳能发电总量的</span><span lang="EN-US">27.5%;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国可再生能源投资超过</span><span lang="EN-US">156</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">亿美元,比</span><span lang="EN-US">2007</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年增长</span><span lang="EN-US">18%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,位居亚太地区之首。此外,我国还提出了到</span><span lang="EN-US">2010</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年实现单位国内生产总值能源消耗比</span><span lang="EN-US">2005</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年降低</span><span lang="EN-US"> 20%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">左右、到</span><span lang="EN-US">2010</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年努力实现森林覆盖率达到</span><span lang="EN-US">20%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">、</span><span lang="EN-US">2020</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年可再生能源在能源结构中的比例争取达到</span><span lang="EN-US">16%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">等一系列目标。有关数据表明,</span><span lang="EN-US">2008</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年底我国单位</span><span lang="EN-US">GDP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">的能耗比</span><span lang="EN-US">2005</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年下降了</span><span lang="EN-US">10.01%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,化学需氧量</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">水体污染的主要指标</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">的排放量比</span><span lang="EN-US">2005</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年下降了</span><span lang="EN-US">6.61%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,二氧化硫的排放总量下降了</span><span lang="EN-US">8.95%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">。</span><span lang="EN-US">2009</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年上半年,全国化学需氧量和二氧化硫排放量又分别比</span><span lang="EN-US">2008</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年同期下降</span><span lang="EN-US">2.46%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">和</span><span lang="EN-US">5.4%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,这为全面完成“十一五”期间的污染物减排目标打下了坚实的基础。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国政府历来重视环境和气候问题</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">1992</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US">11</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">日,时任中国国务院总理李鹏在《联合国气候变化框架公约》</span><span lang="EN-US">(</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">简称《公约》</span><span lang="EN-US">)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">上郑重签字,使中国成为《公约》首批缔约方之一。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">1997</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年签订了《京都议定书》,承诺在</span><span lang="EN-US">2012</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年前共同削减温室气体排放、并帮助脆弱地区应对变暖带来的灾害。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2005</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年通过了第一部《可再生能源利用法》。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2007</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">6</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月,中国政府发布《中国应对气候变化国家方案》,全面阐述了中国在</span><span lang="EN-US">2010</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年前应对气候变化的对策,这不仅是中国第一部应对气候变化的综合政策性文件,也是发展中国家在该领域的第一部国家方案。</span></p>
<p style="MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>2007</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月,“建设生态文明”写进中国共产党的十七大报告,为中国环保掀开了崭新一页。“中国第一次提出了建设‘生态文明’的概念,说明中国对保护环境的理解提升到了前所未有的高度。”</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2008</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月,中国政府又发布了《中国应对气候变化的政策与行动》白皮书,全面介绍中国减缓和适应气候变化的政策与行动,成为中国应对气候变化的纲领性文件。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>2009</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">8</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月,全国人大常委会通过了《关于积极应对气候变化的决议》,强调要立足国情发展绿色经济、低碳经济,把积极应对气候变化作为实现可持续发展战略的长期任务纳入国民经济和社会发展规划。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2009</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年,在中国政府针对金融危机推出的</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">万亿元人民币投资计划中,投向节能减排和生态建设工程的达</span><span lang="EN-US">2100</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US">;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">用于自主创新和产业结构调整的达</span><span lang="EN-US">3700</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">亿元</span><span lang="EN-US">;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">而经国务院批准出台的</span><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">大产业调整和振兴规划也都对节能减排提出了明确要求。目前,中国已颁布了</span><span lang="EN-US">71</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">项环境标志标准,形成</span><span lang="EN-US">1000</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">多亿元人民币产值的环境标志产品群,为引导可持续消费、建设环境友好型社会发挥重要作用。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">同时,中国也是联合国最主要的气候变化科研机构――联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会</span><span lang="EN-US">(IPCC)</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">的发起国之一。</span><span lang="EN-US">IPCC</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">成立于</span><span lang="EN-US">1988</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年,先后发布</span><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">次评估报告,报告成为气候变化国际谈判的科学依据。在</span><span lang="EN-US">IPCC</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">第四次评估报告中,</span><span lang="EN-US">28</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">名中国专家参与其中。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">中国将更加关注环境保护和气候变化</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">2009</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US">11</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月</span><span lang="EN-US">25</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">日,中国国务院常务会议决定,到</span><span lang="EN-US">2020</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年,中国单位</span><span lang="EN-US">GDP</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">二氧化碳排放比</span><span lang="EN-US">2005</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年下降</span><span lang="EN-US">40%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">至</span><span lang="EN-US">45%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,并将碳减排指标作为约束性指标纳入国民经济和社会发展中长期规划,制定相应的国内统计、监测、考核办法,这表明我国正式将二氧化碳的减排纳入管理体系,并提出具体的量化减排指标,这是一个质的变化,这与我国政府推动科学发展,加强生态文明建设,转变发展方式,建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会的努力方向是一致的。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">月,温家宝总理出席了哥本哈根联合国气候变化大会,并在大会上发表了重要意见,为联合国气候变化大会注入了积极动力,得到了国际舆论的普遍盛赞。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">据估算,如果到</span><span lang="EN-US">2020</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">年要把碳排放强度降低</span><span lang="EN-US">40%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">至</span><span lang="EN-US">45%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">,中国差不多每年需要为此投入</span><span lang="EN-US">780</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">亿美元,这相当于每个中国家庭每年要承担至少</span><span lang="EN-US">166</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">美元。因此,目前,我国上下正在学习实践科学发展观,并以此为指导,转变经济发展方式,依靠技术进步、创新体制机制,致力于建设资源节约型、环境友好型工业,构建低碳工业体系,以实现工业节能减排的跨越式发展。减排</span><span lang="EN-US"> 40%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">~</span><span lang="EN-US">45%</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">的目标不仅是一个负责任大国对国际社会做出的表态,更是我国推进产业经济结构调整的重大战略举措,不但不会影响中国经济增长,相反还会使中国经济走向更优质、可持续性的发展轨道。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; MARGIN: 0cm="0cm"0cm="0cm"0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New="New"Roman'">我们相信,中国响应气候变化的主要政策与措施,能直接推进中国社会经济和能源的可持续发展,必将对世界解决气候变化问题作出突出的贡献。</span></p>
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